Monetary policy is the use of interest rates to manipulate the level of aggregate demand in the economy and loose (expansionary) monetary policy is a reduction in the interest rates. This will result in an injection of extra consumption because it is cheaper to borrow money on credit cards and therefore allowing consumers to spend more which will cause an increase in aggregate demand (AD). Additionally, extra consumption will allow shops to gain more profit preventing “business failures.” Furthermore, mortgages will be cheaper and therefore consumers feel richer and there will an extra injection of consumption. AD will also increase due to an increase in investment, causing an increase in aggregate demand from AD1 to AD2 as shown below. However,
If we do not buy imported goods then they will not buy ours and without export revenue and foreign investments we would not be able to function financially. When exports increase so does the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). GDP is the dollar amount of all goods and services produced within the United States. When the GDP is high it signifies that our economy is healthy and stable. When companies can produce more due to demand they are able to hire more workers, which can lower the unemployment rate.
Minimum wage increases an individual annual salary, bumping the employee into a higher marginal tax bracket. But positive effects from minimum wage increases are usually erased through higher marginal tax rates. Employees may also face a reduction in working hours. Businesses attempting to lower operating costs often reduce employee hours to save on payroll expenses.
'International aid brings both benefits and problems for a country trying to develop its economy' with the aid of named examples evaluate this view. (30 marks) International aid can bring many problems to a country in need of development, this is usually through the ill-use, ill-deployment and abuse of International aid by both the donor countries and the recipient countries. However, effective aid brings more benefits to developing countries than problems is the aid is properly allocated to the area most in need and the aid is not ties so that it benefits the donor. International aid can bring problems to a developing country as it can be an obstacle to development and can provide other problems put forward by the political right. Aid can become an obstacle to development because of the tied nature of much aid, which benefits the donor country more than the recipient, in economic terms.
The customers feel good. They spend more because they have jobs and sable income. More money is collected by the government from income taxes and VAT. The last, factor the prices tend to increase because of high demand so the inflation is rising. Recession- The recession is an opposite of boom stage.
The main criticism of these schemes is the fact that the money which is supposedly meant to aid the poorest people in the country who are most in need is actually diverted to those who are richer instead. This is apparent through some of the major failures of the structural adjustment programmes which are loans lent to countries that are in extremely desperate situations. Benin for example, has endured severe economic instability, partly due to the SAP provided to the country as it encouraged them to export the raw materials they had instead of manufacturing them. This essentially prevented the country from developing its economy as ultimately jobs were provided in manufacturing elsewhere. This loan led to a widening in the gap between the rich and the poor which became increasingly apparent due to Benin accepting the SAP.
Chapter 13 discusses labor markets and the basic models of labor supply and demand but the labor market for unskilled workers is changing. For businesses, the labor supply curve has dramatically shifted to the right especially with the implementation of NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement) and the rise of China. There is a surplus of labor supply so the business is able to go along the demand curve to the cheaper wage available, usually in another country. (See attached graph) This loss of jobs for the unskilled workers and increasingly for higher-educated workers is widening the income gap. This shifting of the labor market has other effects too, outside of the labor market.
The benefits of globalization are unevenly distributed, and it causes hardship for poorer countries. The gap is widening between developed and developing countries. About two-thirds of the developing countries remain on the margins of the globalization process and are considered "nonglobalizers." Globalization can result in unemployment as businesses relocate operations to lower-cost areas. Many of these outsourced jobs don't pay decent enough wages to lift workers out of poverty.
to rise tremendously throughout the centuries. As economic of today, the United States is in a recession period which have led the unemployment rate to increase; moreover, it causes the gross domestic product, the measure of the total economic outputs of the country, is decreasing. Outsourcing has become political issues that have led the United States in to a deeper recession; however, other countries’ is receiving benefit from the outsourcing which help to raise their economies. The recession has caused the United States to raise their national debts and increasing the taxes in its own country to help reduce the financial crisis that they are having. In the book Outsourcing America: Wages in developing countries such as India and China are 10 to 20% of comparable U.S. workers, and there is a nearly endless supply of educated underemployed workers in those countries.
economy. These illegal immigrants have been contributed to the growth of the economy because of the low labor cost. However, they become a burden of economy gradually. The illegal immigrants take over the federal government expenditure. For example, in the Heritage study, the low-income immigrant households became surrogates for illegal foreign households, which would cause the 38 percent of total federal expenditures on general public goods on illegal aliens (Martin & Ruark, 2010, p. 30).