A good example of where a large surface area is used for a fast rate of diffusion is in the alveoli of the lungs. Alveoli are the ‘air sacs’ at the end of the airways in the lungs where the exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen takes place between the air in the alveoli and the blood in capillaries. Both the alveoli and the capillaries are extremely thin, only one cell thick, which increases the rate of diffusion, but the alveoli also have an extremely large surface area. This is because they take the shape of small spheres, giving them a large surface area to volume ratio. Another example of where surface area is maximised to increase the rate of diffusion is in the small intestine.
Another reason why my pulse rate increased was because my body was getting rid of waste gases which are CO2 and H2O that are products of respiration. My respiration rate increased because I was using up lots of energy and I also was producing more carbon dioxide. Therefore I had to increase my oxygen intake and I also had to get rid of the carbon dioxide more quickly. My blood pressure increased because when my heart was pumping faster the amount of blood that was going through my vessels increased which put a strain on her vessels. My temperature increased because of the high amount of heat I produced.
Unit 2 Acute response to exercise is short term effects that exercise has on the body. Musculoskeletal response An acute response of the musculoskeletal system during exercise includes an increase in blood supply. The short term effects on your muscles increases the temperature therefore there is more activation energy so chemical reactions are used by the musculoskeletal system and the metabolic activity increases. As the oxygen demand increases, more oxygenated blood needs to be supplied to the muscles so vasodilatation occurs so more blood can pass through the arteries. This affected me during the bleep test because vasodilation allows more oxygenated blood to travel to the actively respiring muscle tissues.
This single metabolic fact accounts for the profound changes in not only respiration, but also in cardiac and circulatory physiology during exercise. Increased oxygen supply is provided by increases in both arterial oxygen delivery and tissue oxygen extraction; at the same time there is increased carbon dioxide transport on the venous side. The need for increased gas exchange by exercising muscles leads to the following general physiologic
Name: Alexis Savastano How Does pH Affect an Enzyme? Catalase is an enzyme that helps decompose the toxic hydrogen peroxide that is produced during normal cell activities. The products of this reaction are water and oxygen gas. The pressure of the oxygen gas in a closed container increases as oxygen is produced. Any increase in the rate of reaction will cause an increase in the pressure of the oxygen.
Describe the effect that radius changes have on the laminar flow of a fluid. The larger radius, the greater laminar flow. This is due to more room inside of the vessel for blood to travel. 4. Why do you think the plot was not linear?
Your body’s need for oxygen will increase. As the demand increases, your breathing rate will increase as your body attempts to exercise efficiently and provide a reasonable amount of oxygen to cells. The cardiovascular system will also adjust to provide energy and remove wastes including carbon dioxide from
The respiratory and circulatory systems work together to deliver oxygen to cells of the body (the lungs through air exchange, and the circulatory system by delivery of hemoglobin containing red cells to the capillaries where oxygen is released into the tissues) and removal of carbon dioxide. The circulatory system delivers nutrients absorbed through the walls of the small intestine to other organs (such as the liver, muscles, brain, heart), and delivers oxygenated blood to the digestive system. You breathe in oxygen into your lungs. The oxygen diffuses across the thin walls of the alveoli in the lungs and the thin walls of the blood vessels in the lungs into the blood stream. Here it attaches to the hemoglobin molecules inside red blood cells.
NAME- IBIFURO SAM-EPELLE CLASS-SS2P SUBJECT-BIOLOGY TECAHER-MRS.SANNI Gas exchange Gas exchange occurs as a result of respiration, when carbon dioxide is excreted and oxygen taken up, and photosynthesis, when oxygen is excreted and carbon dioxide is taken up. The rate of gas exchange is affected by: * the area available for diffusion * the distance over which diffusion occurs * the concentration gradient across the gas exchange surface * the speed with which molecules diffuse through membranes. Efficient gas exchange systems must: * have a large surface area to volume ratio * be thin * have mechanisms for maintaining steep concentration gradients across themselves * be permeable to gases. Single-celled organisms are aquatic and their cell surface membrane has a sufficiently large surface area to volume ratio to act as an efficient gas exchange surface. In larger organisms, permeable, thin, flat structures have all the properties of efficient gas exchange surfaces but need water to prevent their dehydration and give them mechanical support.
This principle is stated in Boyle's Law. Energy for the expansion is drawn from the expanding gas itself, thus causing a lowering of temperature in the gas. Steam engines and turbines, rockets, and internal combustion engines are powered by the expansion of gases. Bread rises in baking because heat expands the carbon dioxide gas it contains. Expansion of Liquids Unlike gases, liquids expand at different rates, depending on their composition.