The main areas of the brain that are affected by dementia in terms of causing difficulties with their functions are: * Frontal Lobe – This is the part of the brain that controls behaviour, movement, personality and the interpretation of what is around us * Parietal Lobe – This is the part of the brain that controls the language we use, spacial awareness and recognition of places, objects and people. * Occipital Lobe – This is the part of the brain that controls eyesight and our ability to see * Temporal Lobe – This is the part of the brain that controls our speech, hearing and memory 1.3 – Explain why depression, delirium and age related memory impairment may be mistaken for dementia. Depression can sometimes be mistaken for dementia because with dementia a person’s behaviour and feeling of well-being can change and cause the person to appear withdrawn and this for example might be mistaken for depression. However, if the person is depressed then it could be the depression not the dementia causing them ill-being. Delirium for example can be brought on as a result of an infection and this might be mistaken with dementia because for example the person could become confused and suffer with
A) The key functions that are affected by dementia are vision, memory, hearing, language and learning, which the temporal lobe (bottom left front lobe of the brain) is responsible for. Decision making, problem solving, control of behaviour and emotions, which the frontal lobe (front lobe of the brain) is responsible for, can also be affected. Sensory information form the body, letter forming, putting things in order and spatial awareness, which the parietal lobe (middle top lobe of the brain) is responsible for, can also be affected. Processing information related to vision, which the occipital lobe (back lobe of the brain) is responsible for, can also be affected. Memory, attention, thought, senses and movement, which the cerebellum lobe (right at the bottom of the brain next to the brain stem) is responsible for, can also be affected.
There could be some damage to the central nervous system but not very severe or the symptoms that Nick exhibits would be more severe. C. Diabetic neuropathies damage peripheral nerves. Which component of the reflex arc is most likely to be damaged in Nick’s situation? The component of the reflex arc that is most likely to be damaged in Nick’s situation would begin at the sensory neuron. Stimuli is still triggering the receptor but the information from the sensory neuron doesn’t continue the arc to the integrating centers to the motor neurons to the effectors which causes the absence of a reflex.
However, the brain shows great anatomical differences between individuals and also shows plasticity, with different regions changing their function in response to damage to one area17. The lesion method usually assumes that after a focal lesion, the intact regions of the brain continue to function in the same manner as before the lesion. However, with tasks controlled by distributed and plastic circuits, the brain can start to reconfigure rapidly following damage. This reconfiguration is helpful for recovery, but makes it difficult to infer the original function of the healthy brain The lesion method also faces the challenge of differential vulnerability: some areas of the cortex are particularly likely to be damaged by stroke18. Therefore, the locations of brain damage are not randomly distributed in the brain: the design of the brain, its blood supply and the surrounding skull mean that some regions of the brain are damaged more often than others.
Cognitive functions are associated with certain areas of the brain. With the case of Phineas Gage this shows how brain damage can affect a person's cognitive functioning. Though Phineas Gage survived his accident it showed that with certain parts of the brain becoming injured a person's cognitive function is affected. References Kotowicz, Z. (2007).
Normal aggressive behaviour involves an interaction of a system of structures, as opposed to being dependent on separate brain structures. One part of this system is the Amygdala. This is a structure inside the temporal lobe which, plays an important role in the mediation of affective activities and on the expression of mood; mainly fear, rage and aggression. The amygdala is connected to many structures in the brain including the hippocampus, thalamus and pre frontal cortex. It is fundamental for self-preservation as it enables the identification of danger; therefore exhibiting clear links to aggression.
The medical name for this is atrophy. An area of the brain known as the cerebral cortex is particularly affected by atrophy. The cerebral cortex is the layer of grey matter covering the brain . Grey matter is responsible for processing thoughts and many of the complex functions of our brains , such as storing and retrieving memories , calculation , spelling , planning and organising. Clumps of protein , known as “plaques “ and “ tangles” , progressively form in the brain .
Moreover, without the information we receive through our five senses, we could not function as the humans we are. For instance, each sense is important in its own way, but each sense includes limitations. The brain is a primary building element starting with the brain cells known as neurons. The chemical processes in the brain sending out messages through the neurons, which determine the mental processes along with an individual’s thinking. In addition, cells called glial exist between the neurons
Emotions define who we are to ourselves, as well to others. They are the central core of psychiatric disorders and can change our physical well-being. Emotional experiences can leave strong traces in the brain, either good or bad. Scientists once thought that memories would only go to one system in the brain. But they have discovered that there are various ways for memories to be formed.
The frontal lobe regulates movement and handles language production. The parietal lobe deals with sensations. These two halves communicate by means of a bundle of axons Importance in the Brain 2 called, the corpus callous, and each side of the brain controls the opposite side of the body. See, two is better than one. The largest and most important section or Lobe is the Frontal which involves voluntary movement, thinking, personality, and intentionality or purpose.