They will also be less likely to show unwanted behaviour because the carer will be able to recognise their needs and meet them. Positive relationships will help a practitioner plan more accurately, they will know what the child’s development needs are and plan for them. If the practitioner and the child have a positive relationship the practitioner will be able to read the child’s expressions and respond appropriately. Renouf (2007) maintains that children are influenced by what they see around them. In other words, they are influenced by their role models.
3.4 - . Demonstrate how to model to others best practice in promoting positive behaviour. Unit 78.4 - Be able to
Throughout history, people have quickly commented “good job” to their children thinking that this is encouraging good behavior, but is this effective? Alfie Kohn, Phillip S. Strain, and Gail E. Joseph are three of the popular scholars who have thoroughly researched the effects of giving praise to children. Kohn believes that praising children for their achievements will negatively affect them in their lives and make then dependent on their elders approval. Alternatively, Strain and Joseph believe that positive reinforcement actually helps kids differentiate between acceptable and unacceptable behavior. Although an overabundance of praise to a child can have harmful effects, I believe that adequate amounts of praise strengthens children’s behavior, thus I supports Strain and Joseph.
P2 and P3 Explain different psychological approaches to health and social practice Cognitive learning theorists believe that learning is an internal process in which information is combined into one as cognitive structure. Learning occurs through internal processing of information. One example of cognitive perspective that is used in healthcare practice can include supporting individuals that have learning difficulties. On a day to day basis, individuals with learning difficulties can find skilled tasks very difficult and confusing; because of this they are likely to get very frustrated. The cognitive perspective can help people with these learning difficulties and support them to help make sense of these tasks by identifying basic thoughts
OUTCOME 6 (025) 1.EXPLAIN HOW TO SUPPORT CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE’S SELF-CONFIDENCE AND SELF-ESTEEM Confidence and self-esteem can be damaged when negative input is received - this could be comments by adults, other children, the child's own high expectations and bullying etc. Support and build self-esteem and confidence again by allowing the child to lead any new ideas, seeing if these ones work or not. Ways to support confidence and self- esteem: * Use positive language. * Take an interest in what's happening * Listen to the child and respond as necessary * Use body and facial language to smile, reassure, encourage, gesture. * Recognise efforts genuinely - if something surprises you, raises a question, ask about it.
Positive Techniques and Addiction Positive psychology is a new movement of humanistic psychology that focuses on the positive traits of a person to enhance their overall well being. Along with cognitive techniques they are being recognized as a successful treatment with recent studies Fredrickson, B. L. (2001), Seligman, M. E. P. (2002). More of a social science, positive psychology provides the research community with conceptual frameworks, definitions of key constructs, measurement instruments, positive interventions, and a growing evidence base. Although positive psychology focuses in part on positive organizations, its primary emphasis has been intrapsychic, at the micro level change at the level of the individual. By using these new psychology techniques we can determine if the claims of positive psychology are reliable and can be used to treat various disorders and addictions.
“Despite the limitations of this study, the preliminary finding that participating in the HAP helped the children to decrease their emotional reactivity is convergent with previous qualitative research findings that found that the HAP was beneficial for children in need (Coholic, Eys, & Lougheed, 2012, p.833)”. There were indications that arts-based and mindfulness-based methods for children in need are beneficial in a variety of ways. Research showed that individuals who took part in the arts-based sessions did appear to perceive a greater sense of “mastery post-control exercise”. “While not supported statistically in the present study, future research may want to consider whether these contrasting approaches (i.e., conventional arts-based vs. mindfulness-based arts/crafts) tackle different aspects of resiliency and self-concept perceptions (Coholic, Eys, & Lougheed, 2012, p.844)”. Research showed that it is reasonable to suggest that the preliminary findings are promising enough to support continued study in this area.
Positive and negative award reinforces the influence. When an individual obtains positive reinforcement through behavior, they use this behavior as part of themselves. A person will continue to behave in the same manor to keep receiving that positive reinforcement. Cognitive approach views the thinking process and cognition as a cause of an individual’s behavior. The act or process of knowing, referring to the mental development of a person including their perception, attention, reasoning, judgment, memory, speech, thinking, and imaging.
If kids see parents acting in a pro-social manner, it becomes normal for them to do so as well. There are four main theories as to why people engage in pro-social behaviour. These include: • The social exchange theory • The empathy altruism theory • The social norms theory and • The evolutionary psychology theory The social exchange theory states that people help people because they want to gain goods from the one being helped. People see rewards and costs when helping others and try to aim at maximizing the former and minimizing the latter, which is known as a ‘minimax’ strategy. Thibaut and Kelley developed this theory.
The Thinking Chair gives constructive direction for a child’s mind, producing a ripple of empathy in consideration of the circumstance. This in turn becomes practice and helps to lay a foundation for behaving appropriately based on lasting internal reasons. In order for a child to learn to make better decisions about behavior, he certainly must be aware that there are consequences . He will like some of the consequences, but some consequences will make him uncomfortable, causing dissonance. He needs to experience these things,