Another change that has happened in childbearing since the 1970's is that women are having fewer children and children later in life. Between 1971 and 2005 the average age of a women when having her first child rose by three years. Also the average number of children per family went all the way down to 1.84 in the UK when 30 years back it was 2.95. Women are also choosing to remain childless and a prediction has been made that a quarter of people who were born in 1973 will be childless when they reach 45. This all reflects the changes in society since the 20th century and that women have more options
Regarding operating gains and losses, in 2005 Tiffany realized gains of 33.8 million versus 150.7 million in losses in 2004. However, more importantly, Tiffany & Co. decreased inventories in fiscal 2005 from 175.4 million to 43.6 million. This significant reduction in inventory expense within its cash flow operations aided in Tiffany’s substantial increase in cash reserves for fiscal 2005. Increased Inventories and Operating Losses in 2006 In comparison, Tiffany’s net cash reserves in 2006 decreased to 176.5 million from 393.6 in the prior year. The company’s net cash from operations also decreased from 262.69 million to 233.58 million in 2005, a difference of 29.1 million.
In the article “No Babies?” by Russell Shorto, he discusses how the population in Europe is declining drastically. He discusses how the birthrate has dropped drastically from 6.0 to 2.9 today. He discusses how the birth to death rate is very unbalanced as well, which is a result of the declining population. He takes in to consideration how the European population worldwide will decrease from 12.5% to only 5%. He discusses how it is feared that the European culture will be lost due to the fact that the majority of the European population is mainly made up of older generations and few younger.
This means women now have the choice whether to have a family or have a career. This have resulted in women having their first child at a later age as they have chose to focus on their career. The age that women now have their first child has gone up from 24 to 27.3 since the beginning of the 20th century. Laws such as compulsory schooling and the child labour introduced in the 20th century has now introduced the idea that children are no longer an asset to their families but an economic liability. This means children are now expensive to have and people do not have the money to have as many children as they used too.
The death rate has fallen since 1900, which could be due to improvements in healthcare or the improved nutrition which has accounted for the reduction in death rates. However there are consequences for the decreasing death rate and one major consequence of this is the ageing population. The UK date rate refers to the overall number of deaths per year. In 2010, the death rates decreased to 493,242 which is a reduction of the death rate from 600,000 deaths per year in the early 1900s. There have been several reasons for the decline in death rate, and one of the reasons include the improved nutrition that the UK has achieved during the 1900s.
Examine the reasons for and the consequences of the fall in death rate since 1900. (24 marks) The death rate counts the amount of people who die per thousand of the UK population per year. Since 1900, the death rate has almost halved from 19 to 10 per thousand. Although the population has rose considerably since 1900’s. During the early 1900’s, there has been certain factors which increased the death rate such as the 2 world wars and the flu epidemic in 1918.
Without a change, all women would still be living life as a housewife like Lucy from “I Love Lucy” (Lamb) Divorce rates have increased since the 1950’s and the couples are getting divorced under different circumstances. Parenting styles and household structures have also changes since the 1950’s (Elliot). During the 1950s, divorce was not widely accepted, so marriages we stronger during this time. Marriage rates in the 1950’s were at their highest in this time period compared to the years prior (Elliot). In the 1950’s, interracial marriages were not accepted or legal in some states.
According to N.L Tranter (1996), over three quarters of the decline in the death rate from 1850 to 1970 was due to a fall in the number of deaths from infectious diseases. Since deaths from infectious disease were commonest amongst the younger generations, it is not surprising that most of the decline in the death rate came from infants, children and young adults. This decrease in the death rate is part of what has led to a growing population in the UK. However, this is not the only reason for a decline in the death rate leading to an increase in the population in the UK. Thomas McKeown (1972) also points out that improved nutrition is also part of what has led to a decreasing death rate, he believes it is accountable for up to half the reduction in death rates.
Over the last century, there has been a decline in premature deaths throughout developed countries (Alder et al, 2009). Life expectancy has grown in the United Kingdom from 45 for females and 49 for males In 1901 and in more recent times to 75 years for male and 80 years for female in 1999 (Hicks and Ellen;1999). Not everywhere is experiencing longevity of life the average life expectancy in Zimbabwe is 35.5 (Stibich, 2009).The ONS (2009) have suggested that males and females in the UK could expect to live to 77.44 and 81.65 years respectively. The same report also highlighted the gap between the genders after surviving to 65 years. This is illustrated in the diagram below.
Just in 2011 and 2012, the revolution has been responsible for 80% of civilian deaths. Child Mortality Child mortality, also known as under-5 mortality, is the probability of a child born in a specific year or period dying before reaching the age of five, if subject to age-specific mortality rates of that period. The child mortality rate is a leading indicator of the level of child health and overall development in countries. There are many factors, which have significant impact on the child mortality rate. Firstly, the intake of food varies, from a low just over 1,500 calories per