Emperor Wu Legalism

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Emperor Wu was one of the longest reigning emperors in Chinese history, ruling from 141- 87 B.C.E., partly due to his ingenious ideas and austere policies that he implemented during his time as ruler. Emperor Wu quickly discovered that the cost of running a large empire and army was exorbitant and came up with policies to help fund them. Responding to popular demands for lower taxes, Wu lowered duties for the people and in its place he erected dozens of iron foundries and salt mines that he monopolized. (Comegna, 2016). As a result, prices for these commodities escalated and led to populace unrest and calls for the policies to be abolished. Nothing was done until after Emperor Wu’s death, when the succeeding leader, Huo Guang, held a debate…show more content…
The Imperial secretary Sang Hongyang declares “abolition of these measures is not expedient.” This statement means that Legalists believe the policies are necessary to keep the empire running and that it is not practical to abolish them, for then the treasuries would be depleted and funding for defense for the soldiers would be obsolete. Then he goes on to explain how “equitable marketing” was established and how it contributes to their country. Before this system, the people would send respective products as tributes to support the country, but the Legalists think that people are untrustworthy and should be governed by laws to force them to do good. They came up with this set of laws, i.e. setting up transportation offices, forcing the people to send their goods to these places because the government did not trust the quality of the products sent from the people. This would come to be known as “equitable marketing” and the Imperial secretary declared it would create stabilization of the prices of products in the…show more content…
Like mentioned above, the literati were a group of scholars who truly believed man was good-natured and if left to their own wills would prove to be trustworthy and generous on their own. The literati represented the voices of merchants and farmers whose interests had been infringed on by the state’s monopolies (You, 2010). As such, the literati debated on why the market was not equitable and why the government should not be involved in such affairs. On the other hand, you had the Legalists who believed the people were evil and so put into place harsh laws to control them. They also wanted to keep the policies to fund the armies and keep the treasuries full, even if it meant the people would go into poverty. The recording of the Salt and Iron Debate is a document that truly embodies how different groups of people believed in governing their people, their ideas of people, and ideas on how to run the people. It is a great contribution to our understanding of the minds of the Ancient Chinese scholars and Legalists who were there debating on their problems which eerily echo our own problems
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