This produces a feeling of pleasure and because it makes you feel good you continue the activity. If the drug is taken for long enough it leasds to down regulation and the good feeling is reduced. This leads to withdrawl symptons . now the drug Is taken to avoid feeling bad. Stopping is hard as the addcitive substance alters thinking patterns in the brain o drug use continues even though they know no reward is coming.
Therefore, the presence of an individual produces positive reinforcement as they have a more attractive appeal. This theory also suggests that we are attracted to people if we meet them whilst we’re in a good mood, an example being at a party. As a result, previously neutral stimuli become positively valued as they are associated with the pleasant event, therefore meaning that we learn to like people through classical conditioning. Griffit and Guay (1969) conducted a study to investigate how the reward/need satisfaction theory works and how well it is acceptable. Participants were evaluated on a creative task by an experimenter.
As with soma, prescription drugs (where prescribed or otherwise) provide a quick fix for physical or mental problems and/or a way to get high. But these drugs also hurt the users, with addiction, bodily functions failing and making them be violent. The use of drugs has severe effects on the users and not only in reality but also in Brave New World. Usually people turn to drugs for relief and contentment, they want to be in a state of mind where they can feel things which they usually can’t and to be in a state of pleasure so they turn to them. Most do not realise the harsh long term effects these drugs can
nor adrenaline and serotonin mainly. These neurotransmitters act like chemical messages in the nervous systems and are known to be active in parts of the brain associated with reward and punishment. They help to regulate the hypothalamus which is involved in sleep appetite , sexuality and physical movement., and these key areas are affected in depressive disorders. Support for this explanation has come from drug therapy. Anti depressants such as MAOI’s which increase the available amount of nor adrenaline in the brain, were found to be effective for elevating the symptoms of depression.
Methamphetamine, like other drugs, is able to short-circuit the survival system by artificially stimulating pleasure areas in your brain. As this happens, it leads to increase confidence in meth, and less confidence in normal life routines. Usually when this occurs the addict will be more interested in meth related activities, meth related people, and meth related environments. Withdrawals of Meth Use: Fact or Fiction? Much to contrary belief meth users do suffer from withdraws as well as any other drug addict would.
Furthermore, immaterial self-esteem, which is psychological aspect, can have a physical effect on the central nervous system (CNS), located chiefly in the brain and spinal column, but it can also have an effect on the peripheral nervous system (PNS), this is because every part of body is connected directly or indirectly to the nervous system (Waterfield, 2002). Psychological aspects could be an individual’s personality and emotional life. Clear example of this is when person is blushing in pride or embarrassment or when heart rate changes with anger or excitement. Hypnotic treatment has been found useful in psychogenic speech dysfunction. Under such a condition, it is found that patient can speak normally whilst completely calm and relaxed (Hartland, 1971).
This can be a prescribed drug as a controlled substance but is still illegal for use in the United States but is popluar for body builders. The risks are almost the same as the anabolic steroid use including the acne and baldness but it is a greater risk of stroke or heart attacks because the good cholesterol (HDL) is lower. Human growth hormone, also known as gonadotropin, is a hormone that acts like an anabolic steroid by the side effects that is associated with it. It still improves performance and muscle mass and is only available as a prescription that is an injected drug. It does not prove to gain strength or endurance.
Byrne and Clore (1970) proposed the reward/need satisfaction model. According to this model, we form relationships with people simply because we find them rewarding, It is suggested that we are rewarded in two ways: operant conditioning (through direct reinforcement) and classical conditioning (through association). Argyle (1992) suggests individuals who are rewarding are liked the most. An example of positive reinforcement may be through non-verbal signals such as smiling; this is a sign of liking. We may also be negatively reinforced by an individual helping us in our ‘time of need’.
For example, a student that had taken this drug throughout their college career and enjoyed the positive feedback they received from taking it may feel as if they cannot positively accomplish any tasks with out the help of this enhancement. Some other physical factors that lean more towards the negative side are high blood pressure, heart rate irregularities, a developed higher risk of stroke and heart attack and some known psychiatric problems such as mania (Lane
Knowing this, Cannabis causes millions of Americans pleasure, pain relief, and undeniably is a passed time to “Stoners.” So, why is Cannabis illegal if it is said to have so many benefits? It is due to the side effects Cannabis has on its users. It is said by