So, it makes sense that the speed of sound has the same order of magnitude as the average molecular speed between collisions. In a gas, it is particularly important to know the temperature. This is because at lower temperatures, molecules collide more often, giving the sound wave more chances to move around rapidly. At freezing (0º Celcius), sound travels through air at 331 meters per second (about 740 mph). But, at 20ºC, room temperature, sound travels at 343 meters per second (767 mph).Liquids:Sound travels faster in liquids than in gases because molecules are more tightly packed.
B3.1 Movement of molecules in and out of cell Dissolved substances Dissolved substances move by diffusion and by active transport. Diffusion: The movement of particles in a liquid or gas from an area where they are in higher concentration to an area where they are in lower concentration. - The greater the difference in concentration, the faster the rate of diffusion. - 2 examples of diffusion through the cell membrane: o Oxygen required for respiration diffuses into cells. o Carbon dioxide produced by respiration diffuses out of cells.
It is known that chlorine is more electronegative than bromine, and thus chlorine is more reactive, and less discriminatory as to what it will react with, thus making bromine more “selective”. Another pertinent piece of information to look at would be stability. The stability of a free radical increases as the number of carbon substituents increases. Therefore, primary is the least stable and tertiary is the most stable. Also, the more stable the free radical that is left behind, the weaker its C-H bond strength will be.
The molecules of gas have a comparatively large space between them. Conduction occurs only in solids which have closely packed molecules whose motion is restricted to vibration in the same position within the solid mass. The addition of heat energy, due to this compactness, is translated to Kinetic Energy (greater vibrational motion) which is immediately transferred to neighbouring molecules and the Heat Transfer by Conduction is Achieved. Conduction is the fastest form of Heat transfer. Convection, heat transfer in fluids (Liquids and Gases) is due to rising currents of fluid due to decrease in Density.
A) is neutralized by water B) is surrounded by water molecules C) reacts and forms a covalent bond to water D) aggregates with other molecules or ions to form a micelle in water Answer: B Page Ref: Section 3 11 9) Which would you expect to be most soluble in water? A) I B) II C) III D) IV Answer: A Page Ref: Section 3 10) Solutes diffuse more slowly in cytoplasm than in water because of A) the higher viscosity of water. B) the higher heat of vaporization of water. C) the presence of many crowded molecules in the cytoplasm. D) the absence of charged molecules inside cells.
Reaction rate is affected by any catalysts present (which speed up the reaction usually with an intermediate step), temperature (increases the number of particles collisions), concentration (increases the number of collisions), and surface area (increases the space available for collisions). Reactions can only occur when collisions take place. The most generic form of the rate law is Rate = K * [A]m * [B]n where (k is a constant specific to an equation and temperature). Now, the compounds A and B might not have any effect on the rate, which would cause them to drop out of the equation completely, or they might have so much effect that they are raised an order (squaring the concentration). The rate law for this reaction is k [CV+]m[OH-]n. Since the hydroxide ion concentration at the beginning is about 1000 times larger than the concentration of crystal violet, [OH-] will not change that much during this
Diffusion is where particles move from where they are in an area of high concentration to where they are in an area of low concentration. Ficks law of diffusion states that: . This shows that the greater the surface area of the diffusion surface the greater the rate of diffusion will be. This is because there is a greater are for the particles to diffuse across if the is a concentration gradient. A good example of where a large surface area is used for a fast rate of diffusion is in the alveoli of the lungs.
Title Problem Definitions Hypothesis Background Information Procedure Materials Results Conclusion References and Acknowledgements Reactions with Alka-Seltzer How does the temperature of water effect how fast the chemical reaction of Alka-Seltzer happens? I think the Alka-Seltzer will react faster in very hot water because the molecules are moving around faster. Therefore, they will run into each other faster causing a faster chemical reaction. Molecules: Two or more atoms which have chemically combined to form something Temperature: A measure of warmth or coldness Reaction Rate: The speed of a reaction Reactants: The substance(s) first involved in a chemical reaction Chemical
The particles in the higher temperature move faster than when they are in a colder temperature. The pressure in the higher temperature is higher because this means that there are more pushes in an area. Yes there is a relationship between pressure and volume. The graph shows that for every -.300 KPa there is 1 mL. This means that in more space the same # of particles will push less.
Humidity: Humidity in the inlet air should be as minimum as possible and dehumidified air should be used for faster drying rate because the rate of drying increases as the humidity of inlet air decreases. 3. Air flow rate: The rate of air flow should be controlled properly in order to get effective use of drying air. As the flow rate of air increases, the drying rate also increases and the cost of drying also increases. If drying air is kept in contact with the drying material, a proper heat transfer and mass transfer takes place and thus drying cost decreases.