You could find yourself getting into trouble with the police if you carry out an arrest that is incorrect. In order to make a citizen’s arrest, they must come under any of the three sets of guidelines, these are: * arrest for an 'indictable offence' under PACE * arrest of a person’s committing, or about to commit, a Breach of the Peace under common law * Use of reasonable force to prevent crime or arrest offenders or persons unlawfully at large under the Criminal Law Act 1967. A citizen’s arrest is still a really important law in the UK as these powers of arrest belong to Police Community Support Officers (PCSOs). There are lots of differences between a citizen’s arrest and a police arrest... 1. If you believe a crime is about to be committed, you cannot make a citizen’s arrest; only if there has or is a crime being committed.
The functionalist would argue that those who transgress are usually dealt with by the law and that order is restored. The conflict theorist would argue that the law enforcement system perpetuates the inequalities and would give the example of how many white-collar crimes go unpunished. Read more: http://www.ehow.com/how_8586125_compare-contrast-functionalist-conflict-theories.html#ixzz2iJlpn5zx Contrast the functionalist and conflict theories of crime. The functionalist would argue that those who transgress are usually dealt with by the law and that order is restored. The conflict theorist would argue that the law enforcement system perpetuates the inequalities and would give the example of how many white-collar crimes go unpunished.
Discuss the problems involved in defining and measuring crime and deviance. This essay aims to discuss the problems involved in defining crime and deviance and measuring crime. The essay will focus on the similarities of crime and deviance and discuss problems in measuring crime statistic. Crime is defined by an act that breaks the law (oxforddictionary 2013) and deviance is any behaviour that is considered out of the ordinary (oxforddictionary 2013). There are different theories on how crime and deviance are viewed.
The Degree of Disadvantage: Incarceration and Inequality in Education. Annals of the American Academy of Political & Social science, 651(1), 24.doi; 10.1177100027162.135503100 Fauchon, C. (2004).The Case against Profiling. International Social Science Review, 79(3) (4), 157-159. Howell, K. (2011). Criminal Law Issue: Featured Contributors: Fear Itself: The Impact of Allegations of Gang Affiliation On-Pretrial Detention.
Unit 12: Crime and its effect on society P1: Outline the current crime and disorder legislation. M1: Analyse the impact of two pieces of crime disorder legislation. D1: Evaluate the impact of one piece of crime and disorder legislation. P2: State the main sentences and orders criminal courts can impose. P3: Describe two theories of criminal behaviour and the factors that contribute to them.
The state and federal correction system Name Institution Date of submission Introduction Sentencing refers to the judicial determination of a legal sanction to be imposed on a person when found guilty of an offence (Ashworth, 2005). It’s one of the several stages of the criminal justice system which include crime prevention and maintenance of order, detection and enforcement, prosecution, adjudication, sentencing and administration of sentences. Punishment on the other hand refers to the infliction of a negative or an unpleasant experience on the offender in response to tan offence committed (Sorensen & Don, 2002). Punishment of crimes that can be heard on both state and federal levels can be different even though the crime may be the same depending on the sentencing guidelines. The different types of sentences have various objectives and impacts to the state.
Deviance is the recognized violation of cultural norms. Crime is a type of deviance. Crime is the violation of a society’s formally enacted criminal law. Criminal deviance spans from minor traffic violations to sexual assault to murder. In the case of serious deviance, action may be brought by the criminal justice system – “a formal response by police, courts, and prison officials to alleged violations of the law.” The key elements of the U.S. criminal justice system include police, courts, and the punishment of convicted offenders.
An article published by the A-level law review, written by Ian Yule and entitled ‘Murder most foul?’ has two very important statements in the opening paragraph from people or groups who have first-hand knowledge of what is failing the British legal system when it comes to the decisions regarding cases of murder and voluntary manslaughter. Ken Macdonald QC, the director of public prosecutions, stated that ‘There should be degrees of homicide, not just murder and manslaughter but three or four degrees’. It is evident that our existing homicide laws are in urgent need of reform when even the Director of public prosecutions criticises them. The second is from the Law Commission itself in 2004 published a report relating to the partial defences for murder declaring ‘the present law of murder in England and Wales is a mess’ and also in the same report the Law Commission said that there was ‘a pressing need for a review of the whole law of murder rather than merely some partial defences’. The current law serves to confirm and underline how seriously flawed the present law on homicide is.
First I would like to start by giving a brief definition of what or better said – how, criminology differs from victimology. Criminology is more concerned with the origin of crime along the extent and nature of crime. Criminology places an emphasis on studying the offender, the crimes, and the motives behind the crime. It is also the study of how the public and criminal justice system responds to the offender. Victimology plays a very important role in criminology and is used to determine what the victim’s behavior has to do with their risk of being victimized.
Incarceration is described as whether before or after a criminal conviction, the person is put into confinement. Police officers and other law enforcement officers are authorized by federal, state, and local lawmakers to arrest and confine persons suspected of crimes. The judicial system is authorized to confine persons convicted of crimes (cited in 2008, from Black’s online legal dictionary). There are two types crimes according to the Bureau of Jail Management and Penology (BJMP) 2015, convicted by a person mainly index crimes and non-index crimes. Index crimes are subdivided further into two categories, crime vs. person and crime vs. property.