( Economist) “Pressure for a change in the law came after an official inquiry into the murder in 1993 of Stephen Lawrence, a black London schoolboy, found that the principle of double jeopardy would cause “grave injustice to victims and the community” (Economist). The fear that the new rules would be abused and taken advantage of have been tightly defined (Economist). Only the serious crimes can be reviewed—such as murder, rape, and armed robbery (Economist). “Any new investigations must be sent through the Director of Public Prosecution.
The article expounds on some key statistics that suggest that young people are 36 more times to commit suicide in an adult prison than a juvenile facility. It also speaks to the outcome of young people who survive an adult facility. They return to society as damaged and dangerous people and are more likely to commit violent crimes and add to the recidivism rate. This article reinforces my opinion and advocates my stance on children in jails with adults. A quote from the article that puts it in perspective says, “The rush to criminalize children has set the country on a dangerous path.
Black Criminology 1. What is the role of race in developing crime theories? 2. Which theory does race fit into? 3.
Sources: Maria Dugandzic. Against all odds: School offers hope, opportunity for young men. CNN. http://www.cnn.com/2008/US/06/25/bia.urban.prep/index.html The main argument the author wants to exhibit here is that although nowadays blacks have much poorer performance in the United States, there is still hope that they can make a difference if offered necessary opportunities. This news story makes me realize a question: what determines blacks’ bad academic performance, like D'Souza says in the end of racism?
The Judicial decisions injustices that have taken place throughout the years, since the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, have been institutionally (systemically) racist. Institutional racism is defined as the societal patterns that have the net effect of imposing oppressive or otherwise negative conditions against identifiable groups on the basis of race or ethnicity (Head, 2011). Institutional racism is pervasive throughout America’s judicial system. According to Risa L. Lieberwitz, African American and other individuals protesting discrimination have had difficulty winning cases that rely on proof of discriminatory effects of employment practices. Legal expert Michael Selmi’s study of cases between 1983 and 2002 confirms this, showing a low success rate for women and people of color, who won only 25.1 percent of their cases of discriminatory impact in federal trial courts and only 19.2 percent on appeal.
Retrieved from http://www.ehow.com/info_7777539_hiring-minorities-women-police-departments.html Banks_II_Proof. (2004). Racial Discrimination in the Criminal Justice System. Retrieved from http://www.uk.sagepub.com/upm-data/5143_Banks_II_Proof_Chapter_3.pdf DeVino, A. (2011).
• It creates two new schemes for dealing with youth crime: child safety orders, which apply to children under the age of 10, and parenting orders, which are made against the parents of a child who has been given an anti-social behaviour order. • Creates sex offender orders, which bar offenders from activities and areas frequented by children. • Abolishes the death penalty for treason or piracy. • Introduces separate offences for crimes that were aggravated by the victim's race or presumed race. • Obliges local authorities, the police and other local bodies to draw up a crime and disorder strategy covering their area.
(2015, January). The Fear of Counterterrorism: Surveillance and Civil Liberties Since 9/11. Society, 52(1), 70-79 doi: 10.1007/s12115-014-9855-1 This article describes some of the negative out comes of 9/11. In this country Arabs/Muslims experienced racism and racial profiling. Even those Arab Americans who were already incarcerated experienced unjust treatment by police officers.
During the same time that this utterance was made, the powers that be looked for a solution. What to do with the undesirables? How can the racial caste system be maintain without the sheets and burning crosses (Alexander, Michelle, p. 40). How can the hand of racism maintain its grip, yet become invisible? These questions birthed mass incarceration (Alexander, Michelle, p. 58).
La’Toyrious Granville Mrs. Sharon Cargill English 12 20 February 2013 Racial Profiling Racial Profiling is mentally segregating and it disunites the U.S.A because it permits negative aspects to every race. In the U.S. it is acceptable to embrace foundations and establishments like BET, Black Entertainment Television, and/or The Chinese District, For example, but what if these titles were revised to WET, White Entertainment Television or The Iraqi District? Would these organizations be appropriate or racially disgraceful? From any standpoint it is mental segregation. Programs like the previously listed instills the negative trait of racial profiling into child before he or she has any idea of what racial profiling is, it programs them to judge and make race a chief factor when it should not be (Psycho 1).