Coral Reef Essay

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Written by Alex Rose Coral reef ecology In order to fully appreciate the importance of a balanced ecosystem such as a coral reef, we must first understand its trophic structure; the organisms that make up each trophic level, and the functions of each level in the maintenance of a healthy reef. Coral reefs, just like any other ecosystem on our planet, rely on a variety of biotic and abiotic factors to keep them healthy and functional. Without stable temperature, pH, light/dark cycles, water flow, salinity, and chemical composition of sea water, coral reefs could not exist, but without a stable trophic cascade, coral reefs could not survive. Trophic structure in any environment refers to the different levels of the food chain and illustrates the transfer of energy from one level to the next in the form of a pyramid; energy is always lost as it travels “up” the food chain. Figure 1: Coral reef trophic pyramid, showing its trophic levels. On each level, several important groups of species are shown (Diagram by Alex Rose). There are three categories of organisms in every ecosystem: producers, consumers, and decomposers. Producers, often referred to as primary producers, consist of organisms that are capable of making their own food and are consequently always photosynthetic (and in some cases chemosynthetic). Consumers are placed higher on the trophic pyramid than producers, and they can be herbivorous, omnivorous or carnivorous. Coral reef ecology © 2009 coralscience.org "There are three categories of organisms in every ecosystem: producers, consumers, and decomposers". Primary consumers are herbivorous, whereas secondary consumers prey on herbivores and tertiary consumers eat other carnivores. Decomposers are responsible for breaking down dead and decaying plant and animal matter into components that are once again usable for growth by producers.
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