OMB vs. CBO POLS210: American Government I, Essay November 25, 2014 The role of the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) and Congressional Budget Office (CBO) are vastly different but yet overlap in some areas. The primary mission of the OMB is to assist the President in overseeing the preparation of his budget and to manage its administration by the Executive Branch agencies. The CBO’s mission is to provide Congress with objective, timely, non-partisan analyses needed for economic and budget decisions with the information and estimates required for congressional budget process. The OMB is the largest element of the Executive Office of the President. Their job is to report directly to the President and assist in a wide variety of executive departments and agencies across the Federal Government to execute the priorities of the President.
The last is the judicial branch. All are separated and have different jobs assignment but comes together to help resolve issues. Thus, the centerpiece of our systems is the doctrine of Separations of Powers that constitutionally assigned duties to the three branches of government: legislative, executive, and judicial to distinct and have checks and balances on each branch to prevent abuse of power from the government; it is to keep a democracy. The legislative branch internally has its’ own way of balancing powers. As you know the Legislative Branch is broken up into two parts or houses of the federal government of the United States of America consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives.
The idea of checks and balances are central to the federal government. Checks and balances is a system of government in which each branch (executive, judicial and legislative) exercises control over the actions of the other branches of government. The legislative branch of the government (otherwise known as congress) carries out the checks on the executive (the president). An example of this is the power congress have to amend, block and even reject pieces of legislation. An example of this is the events of 2013 when congress blocked Obama’s attempts to control gun ownership.
He acknowledges foreign governments, and under the advice and consent of the Senate, basically asserts these foreign governments as credible. As Chief Legislator it is the president’s job to impact the legislation that is introduced to Congress. One of the most recognizable items of business the president does as Chief Legislator is his annual State of the Union Address. I think that at this stage of Obama’s presidential
The House of Representatives originates and spends bills. The Senate impeaches officials and approves treaties. The soul duty of the Legislative Branch is to make Laws. “Under the Constitution, Congress has legislative authority, but that power is partly shared with other branches and thus checked by them” (Patterson 51). This describes that the legislative branch does not have power over any other branch of government; there is checks and balances always occurring throughtout the government.”Within Cogress, there is a further check on legislative power: for legislation to passed, a majority in each chamber of Congress is required” (Patterson 51).
Reasoning: The section of the Judiciary Act of 1792 (passed by Congress) relied on by Marbury which granted the Supreme Court the right to issue writs of mandamus to government officials was unconstitutional and therefore is void and of no effect. The Constitution only gives the Supreme Court original jurisdiction in cases “affecting ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls and those in which a state shall be a party. In all other cases, the Supreme Court shall have appellate jurisdiction.” It is the duty of the Court to
The Congress is the official name and has its powers well elucidates in Article 1 Section 8 of the Constitution. It has amongst other things, powers to collect taxes, regulate money value, set penalties in the case of counterfeiting, set up with inferior courts to the Supreme Court (federal courts), declare war, make laws that are necessary for the execution of its powers etc. The tasks are numerous, but are limited by the constitution especially concerning how the powers are to be executed. Both the House of Representatives and the Senate have different roles to play within the government, a fact that ensures that there are no overlapping responsibilities (Bardes,
* montesquieuThe President nominates Supreme Court justices * Senate has the power to approve or reject these nominations * Impeachment power (House) * Trial of impeachments (Senate) * Power to initiate constitutional amendments (to undo supreme court decisions) * Power to write new legislation * Authority to create courts inferior to the Supreme Court * Authority to set jurisdiction of courts (limiting the Court's ability to hear certain types of cases) * Authority to alter the size of the Supreme Court (may change the balance of power within the Court) The Supreme Court is also bound by practical considerations not set forth in the Constitution. General limitations include the Court's inability to enforce its rulings, or to initiate judicial review of legislation. The Court is required to wait until a party who has been directly and significantly injured by the legislation challenges its constitutionality. Under most circumstances, a case must progress through the lower courts before the justices can consider the issue. Even then, they are limited to hearing issues that can be remediated by the Court, and that represent
The Legislative Branch’s Senate, Congress, and House of Representatives can impeach the President. Impeach means to charge a public leader with misconduct in office. This limits the Executive’s power to make decisions disapproved by the Legislative. The Senate has to approve all Presidential appointments. This means anybody appointed by the President then has to be approved by Senate.
The Supreme Court recognized that Judicial Review must also be cultivated into Judicial Sovereignty; the idea that a law may be held unconstitutional and binding on the other branches. The nation-state relationship served as the greatest obstacle for the Supreme Court in preserving the Union. In order to preserve the American Union the Supreme Court steered the cases, of the period, in order to create a consolidated nation-state. Preserving the American Union is reflected in all decisions of the cases the cases that fallow. In the case Marbury v. Madison the Supreme Court invalidated a law, passed by Congress, by declaring an act unconstitutional for the first time.