They sold indulgences to Christians – a payment due for committing sins. In 1517 Luther wrote his Disputation of Martin Luther on the Power and Efficacy of Indulgences, otherwise known as The 95 Theses. He sent the document and a letter to his Bishop, Albert of Mainz against the sale of Indulgences. “Thesis 86, asks: "Why does the pope, whose wealth today is greater than the wealth of the richest Crassus, build the basilica of St. Peter with the money of poor believers rather than with his own money?" This and the other theses challenged the authority of the Roman Catholic religion and the Pope.
As the people watched the church decay morally through the Renaissance they became more and more worried about what this meant for them in the afterlife. Thus the Reformation was a direct result of a buildup of social, economic, religious, and political problems that manifested itself into a general animosity towards the Catholic Church. The most important figure of the Reformation is without a doubt Martin Luther. Luther created the rally cry that thousands across Europe answered by criticizing the Catholic Churches practices and carrying on the work of other Christian Humanists like Erasmus. We see an example of one of Luther’s critical writings in Document 8.
I believe that religious persecution was the principle reason for their voyage but also feel that their discontent with the English government played a key role in their leaving as well. In sixteenth century England there were people who wanted to see reform in English religion, society, and politics. They strove to do this by restricting church membership to the pious and godly and also by wanting the state to enforce non-bending moral codes. 1 These people were called Puritans. Those who made up the Puritan group were either Presbyterians or Congregationalists.
For this question, key factors will need to be analysed in order to form a correct conclusion on Elizabeth 1's reasons for pursuing a religious settlement, such as England's religious turbulence or relations with powerful European countries. Beliefs in Elizabeth society on religion and gender roles will also need to be analysed when answering this question. Firstly, the religious turbulence that had plagued England for over twenty years greatly impacted Elizabeth's decision. England was a catholic country with the head of the church being the Pope. This continued until Henry VIII, so desperate to produce a male heir, broke Papal control over England and named himself Head of the Church that taught an offshoot of Christianity based on the teachings of Martin Luther, the Protestant Church of England.
They particularly stress that salvation is accomplished through faith in the Trinity, action and Baptism. Baptism is seen as a compulsory sacrament that all Catholics must participate in although they do accept that one can be baptised just by believing in Jesus Christ: “He said, ‘John indeed baptised with water, but you shall be baptised with the Holy Spirit'” (Acts 11: 15). Anglicans believe that one must be baptised (or christened) in order to receive salvation. They believe that once a person is baptised salvation is instantly granted to them and is only strengthened through “faith alone” (Romans 2: 4-5). Baptism is also compulsory in Anglicanism and must be performed in a certain way unless the person has been baptised as Catholic or Orthodox.
It reflects on the remarkable result of Luther’s efforts to reform Catholic theology and practice of the Roman Church. Today, there are 400 million Protestants and 70 million of them being members of the Lutheran Church. The outcome of the Protestant Reformation in Christianity created an unnecessary division between Protestants and Roman Catholics and their different beliefs. Charles V ordered the Pope to organize a meeting in order for Protestants to be a legitimately apart of Christianity. This is known as the Counter-Reformation.
Paul’s theology included: * The Resurrection as the pivotal moment in human history * Christ is for all humanity, not only the Jew * The nature and effects of sin- life without God and Christ * Salvation was won by Christ’s death and resurrection and given as pure gift * The church as the body of Christ * Baptism and radical equality within the body of Christ The impact of Paul’s theology on Christianity is that of an enormous amount. His theology has been used as a source of
The New Testament includes 27 books: four gospels (narratives of Jesus' life), one story of the apostles' ministry following Jesus' death, correspondence from church leaders (the most primitive of which predate the Gospels), and an apocalyptic work. Almost all Christians look upon the Bible as exquisitely motivated and dependable, but views vary as to the nature and degree of its authority. Some grasp it to be totally without error in all material it addresses, as others stress its accurateness merely in religious matters and consent to errors or restrictions in other areas due to its individual authorship. Christianity has separated into three key branches throughout the centuries. Roman Catholicism signifies the continuance of the historical structured church as it developed in Western Europe, and is lead by the Pope.
Although Berkeley was very one sided in his argument, he gives across both perspectives of the time. John Pym in source D also agrees that financial problems were a main grievance of the time, but he also states that there were more reasons for opposition, such as, “attacks on liberties of parliament” and “innovations in religion”. Pym says “Financial impositions are of great grievance. One bishop preaches that a subject’s property is at the king’s pleasure” showing that the
The Eastern Orthodox Church shares ancestry with the Roman Catholic Church. However, they consist of many dissimilar beliefs. Icons and the use of their ritual beliefs and worship cause major controversy between both churches. Possession of power is a major dividing issue between the two churches. The Pope was customarily the top leader of the church and all matters of divinity were his concerns.