Compare and Contrast Key Characteristics of Two Early Civilizations (Choose from Mesopotamian, Shang, Indus Valley, Chavin, and Phoenician) in Terms of Three of the Following: Economy, Political System, Art and

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1. Compare and contrast key characteristics of two early civilizations (choose from Mesopotamian, Shang, Indus Valley, Chavin, and Phoenician) in terms of three of the following: economy, political system, art and architecture, religion, technology, legacy. Answer: The Mesopotamian and Indus Valley civilizations were one of the most successful civilizations. The Mesopotamian civilization started around c. 3500 B.C.E., while the Indus Valley civilization started at around c. 3300 B.C.E. The Mesopotamian and Indus Valley’s architectural, technological, and economical structures all developed differently from one another’s, but also had some similarities between the two. Although they have their similarities in their architectural, economical, and technological ways of life, these two civilizations have enough contrast between each other to be viewed as different societies. Mesopotamia and the Indus Valley civilization share some similarities involving architecture and the way they build their cities and villages, but have some constructive differences as well. They both retain a sort of communal bath house, where all the citizens bathe and cleanse themselves. They have these bathing houses in most villages and cities in the Indus River Valley, but in Mesopotamia, they have these only in their largest cities. Most of the houses in both of the Mesopotamian and Indus Valley civilizations comprised of sun-dried mud bricks. This building material was quite common because these civilizations were located near rivers, and there is always a surplus of mud in wet areas, like a riverbed, etc. As stated earlier, most of the houses were made of sun-dried mud bricks, but not all. The rest of the residences were made of wood. These civilizations also had some differentiation between each other, which defined their civilizations. In Mesopotamia, the

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