Resolution of Matter into Pure Substances – Paper Chromatography Abstract The purpose of this laboratory was to determine how different substances have different solubilities in a given solvent. This was accomplished using the method of chromatography. The solubility of each substance was first determined by dropping a drop or two of each on a line drawn 2 inches above the bottom of a piece of paper. Then the paper was lightly bent in order to tape both sides of the paper leaving about a 4 centimeter gap so that the sides of the paper are not touching. The paper was then put into a beaker of a hydrochloric acid, ethanol, and butanol mixture, being sure that the paper does not touch the sides of the beaker, and then topped.
One of the important aspects of organic chemistry is being able to take an impure mixture of organic molecules, identify it as a mixture and purify each component. In this lab, we will explore several methods of the identification and purification of organic compounds. As these methods will be used throughout the semester, it is important that you learn how to effectively use these methods. Purpose of Experiment 1. Identify that your Excedrin is a mixture of organic molecules using thin layer chromatography (TLC), melting point (mp) and Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H-NMR).
Phenolphthalein) is used to show the equivalence point has reached by changing colours. Titration experiments are used to determine the concentration of an acid or a base, if either acid or base concentration known, the other unknown concentration can be find out by measuring how much it takes to neutralize, which is a useful experiment. The Bronsted-Lawry theory about acid and base, describes as follows; an acid a proton (hydrogen ion) donor, a base is a proton (hydrogen ion) acceptor, or any component that can transfer proton to any other component is and acid and any component that accepts the proton is base. The theory says a substance can function as an acid only when a base is presented, and also other way round, a substance can only function as a base in the present of an acid. This theory consider a large
Prepare the smear and heat fix it. 2. Add crystal violet (primary stain) - 1minute. 3. Wash and add Gram’s iodine (mordant) - 1 min.
6- Place only the edge of the Q-tip at the top the Flame. 7- Remove it when you see the of light being given off to avoid burning the Q-tip. 8- Clean up procedure: Discard used Q-tips to the bin, cover back compounds and put them up in a safe place, pour away distilled water in the sink, disconnect the Bunsen burner and clean it if stained,clean the lab test surroundings with paper towel to ensure no stain is left, wash your hands remove your goggles only when all equipments have been placed in safe places. Compound | Flame Colour Observation | 1 LiNO3
• I cleaned baby’s front with baby wipe and let the baby’s skin air dry for a few moments. • I applied rash cream (or powder). • I removed the dirty nappy and set it aside, out of baby’s reach. • I tidied the clean nappy under baby’s bottom, pulled the front half of the clean dipper up to baby’s tummy. • I checked if the dipper between baby’s legs is spread as wide as seems comfortable.
Before testing this experiment, I expected the pH to increase when the acid was added and to decrease when the base was added. First, label 8 test tubes, 2 for every solution, specifically for the solution plus the base and the solution plus the acid. In each test tube, 10mL of each solution should then be added. Next, select and measure the pH of one solution to be tested, record the solution and the pH of that solution in the 0 column in Table 1 found on page 51. By doing this, it will show the initial pH before any acid or base has been added into the solution.
Then, take the clean diaper and lift the child’s bottom up to put the back of the diaper underneath and between the child’s legs to cover the child’s private areas. Thirdly, you will need to pull the tabs from the both the right and left sides to stick to the front of the diaper. You will now stand the child up holding the child so the child doesn’t fall and pull up their pants. After, that you will put the dirty diaper, wipes and gloves into the plastic bag and throw it away in the trash can. Lastly, you should take a sanitizer spray and spray the diaper changing mat leave the spray on for thirty seconds and then wipe the area with a paper towel.
Look in the water bath on your table for a flask labeled DMA. This flask contains Davis Minimal Agar that has been autoclaved to make it sterile, and is being kept at 47 C to keep it liquefied. 3. Think about these important points in pouring a petri plate before doing it: a) You must work quickly, because once the container of minimal agar is removed from the bath, it will start to harden within 2-3 minutes. b) When pouring agar into the petri dish, pour just enough to fill the dish about half way.
The watch glass was removed with the beaker tongs. Using a rubber bulb and a stirring rod to stir the solution continuously, 15.00mL of .25M BaCl2 solution was added to the solution in the beaker. The watch glass is replaced and the solution is keep hot but not boiling for 15 minutes. The precipitate was allowed to settle. When the liquid above the precipitate was clear, the solution was tested for completeness of precipitation when a few drops of BaCl2 solution were added from a pipette.