Risk of significant harm means a child or young person who is at risk of suffering some kind of abuse Physical or mental and emotional harm damaging to a child’s wellbeing and development. 2. The types of child abuse are Physical – When a child has suffered or is at risk of suffering non accidental physical trauma or injury Emotional/Psychological- When a childs social.emotional or intellectual development is at risk and threatened Sexual- When an adult, stronger child or adolescent uses their power or authority to involve a child in sexual activities Neglect-When a childs basic necessities of life are not met and their health and development are affected 3. Physical - Long periods of vacant stares or frozen stares - cannot explain injuries or injuries are not consistent to explanation has burns, bruising, burns in different stages of healing - may flinch when touched unexpectantly Emotional /Psychological - Avoiding eye contact with mother or carer -Bullying, disruptive or aggressive behaviours towards peers - Mental or emotional development lags Sexual - Short attention span -Fear of home or a specific place excessive fear of women or men - Dramatic behavioural changes or sudden non participation in activities Neglect - Medical needs not attended to, frequent infections, illness,sores - Malnutrition consistent hunger hoarding food
The Psychodynamic application and treatment of antisocial personality disorder is linked with the assumption that the sufferers are born into dysfunctional families with physical abuse tendencies, cruel, and are emotionally turbulent (Akhtar, 1992). Consequentially, children that are born into this type of aforementioned family setting may experience helplessness feelings especially when their parents are unleashing barrages of anger and violence on them. As a result, such child may resort into using defense mechanism of identification with the
Family Life and Juvenile Delinquency Researchers have established that there many paths to juvenile delinquency and numerous risk factors that contribute to a youth’s opportunity to offend. The environment in which a child is raised plays a very crucial role in predicting their behaviour in adolescence and subsequent, in adulthood. Delinquency and criminal behaviour typically begin in the home and continue into society. Many modern criminologists argue that youth’s who were deprived of parental warmth and affection had weak family and social bonds and tended to develop a set of beliefs that were negative and hostile towards society (Walsh, 1991). Furthermore, child maltreatment is a consequential social problem.
Sexual-this is where a child is abused in a sexual manner. And Physical neglect- the child may be unwashed, unfed, have things like nits that are untreated. The act also aims to: try and protect children from harm and to stop children who have suffered abuse from being further abused in the future and to identify and help children who have been abused. The role of the adult in the child protection act is to know and try to identify the signs of abuse, report any suspicions of abuse you have no matter how small and make the child feel safe and secure in the early years
Reactive attachment disorder is one of the possible consequences of this psychological trauma. Many children in foster care exhibit signs and symptoms of attachment issues. The purpose of this paper is to define reactive attachment disorder, review attachment theory, explore the development of attachment in children, review signs and symptoms of reactive attachment disorder, and explore the different treatment approaches. Definition of Reactive Attachment Disorder Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD) has been defined as a childhood disorder with a variety of adverse behavioral consequences including the inability to form normal relationships with manifestations such as poor eye contact, abnormal eating habits, attempting to control by using power struggles, chronic lying, and stealing. These children also exhibit poor impulse control.
(http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-juvenile-delinquency.htm) Delinquency- this is defined as, failure or omission of duty; a fault; a misdeed; an offense; a misdemeanor; a crime. (http://www.brainyquote.com/words/de/delinquency152392.html) Literature review Some researches that can help explain the causes of Juvenile delinquency are: The subdural theory. This is the inability of youths to achieve socially valued status and goals results in groups of young people forming deviant or delinquent subcultures, which have their own values and norms. (Eadie & Morley: 2003 p.552) The Strain Theory is part of the
Each offense was categorized according to the family unit (e.g., intact, father only, mother only, etc. ), offense type (e.g., underage consumption, petit larceny, breaking and entering, etc. ), offense level (e.g., status misdemeanor, and felony), the victim (e.g., crimes against the person, crimes against property, etc.) and the juvenile’s age at the time the alleged offense occurred. This study examined whether a child living in a non-intact (broken) household is more susceptible to becoming a delinquent youth.
In several states, some minors are classified as incorrigible or status offenders when they refuse to obey their parents and/or commit acts, which while not considered criminal by adults, are prohibited due to the age of the minor offender. This includes school truancy, running away from home, curfew violations, drinking alcohol, or behaving in an unsafe or unhealthy manner. Juvenile courts hear cases dealing with juvenile delinquents, incorrigible youth or status offenders, and issues of child neglect, abandonment or abuse (juvenile dependency cases). These courts are considered civil, not criminal and the minor is charged with committing a delinquent act, rather than a crime. When a judge determines that a minor has committed a delinquent act, he adjudges the juvenile to be a ward of
JUVENILE DELINQUENCY THE FAMIL DISORGANISATION ISSUE INTRODUCTION Juvenile delinquency is one of the serious problems of deviation which the children of almost all the modern societies of the world are facing. There may be many social and psychological factors responsible for the drift in child’s conforming behaviour to delinquents. CAUSES FOR JUVENILE DELINQUENCY Broken home, Poverty, Illiteracy, Low socio- economic status, Behavioural problems, Peer groups, Negative impact of media. DEFINITION According to THE JUVENILE JUSTICE (CARE AND PROTECTION OF CHILDREN) ACT, 2000 "juvenile" or "child" means a person who has not completed eighteenth year of age; "juvenile in conflict with law" means a juvenile who is alleged to have committed an offence Reckless (1956) defines the term as “juvenile delinquents applies to the violation of criminal code or pursuit of certain pattern of behaviour disapproved for children and young adolescents” THEORIES SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY PRIMING EFFECTS THEORY STRAIN THEORY ANOMIE THEORY FAMILY DISORGANISATION Family disorganisation is the term includes any disorganisation in the family such as # Low socio economic status of the family, # Broken home, # Adultery, # Ill parental discipline etc. CONTINUES…..
PSY101 3/1/10 Reactive Attachment Disorder Reactive Attachment Disorder, or RAD, is a severe form of attachment disorder. It is a condition in which individuals cannot form loving and permanent intimate relationships with other people. They cannot and do not trust anyone to take care of them besides themselves. Having normal affection towards anyone, including pets, is so farfetched for RAD children. They do not grow a conscious; they can act without guilt for a single action.