Unit 1 Case Study 1: Tell me about blood. 1. Lower than normal Hematocrit indicates Anemia. Hematocrit does not have enough Hemoglobin which is an oxygen carrying protein in red blood cells that results in having Iron, B12 and Folic Acid deficiencies. The main causes of developing Anemia include: medications and pregnancy, but the more serious causes include: kidney disease and cancer of the kidney, also leukemia and lymphoma.
These tumors, which usually develop in adolescence or adulthood, are called malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. People with neurofibromatosis type 1 also have an increased risk of developing other cancers, including brain tumors and cancer of blood-forming tissue (leukemia). During childhood, benign growths called Lisch nodules often appear in the colored part of the eye (the iris). Lisch nodules do not interfere with vision. Some affected individuals also develop tumors that grow along the nerve leading from the eye to the brain (the optic nerve).
But this is not the case once cancer will starts. The cells become abnormal and the old, damaged cells survive and continue to divide that may form into tumors. Many of the cancers form into solid tumors except for cancers of the blood. Cancerous tumors may be malignant, which can affect the surrounding tissues. Other cancer cells can metastasize on different parts of the body through blood and can form a new tumor.
Colon Cancer Risk Assessment Steven L. McClain SCI/162 December 17, 2011 Jessica Broome Colon Cancer Risk Assessment Colon cancer also known as colorectal cancer is cancer of large intestine, which is the lower part of the digestive system. Colon cancer usually begins as small non-cancerous bumps (adenomatous polyps) and over time can become cancerous. According to the Center for Disease Control (2010)“Of cancers that affect both men and women, colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States and the third most common cancer in men and in women.” Also the Center for Disease Control states that “the risk of getting colorectal cancer increases with age and is greater in men than in women.” (Center for Disease Control, 2010). The following information was retrieved from the Mayo Clinic Some signs of colon cancer are: • A change in bowel habits such as diarrhea or constipation. • Rectal bleeding or blood in the stool.
a) Promotion b) Prolongation c) Progression d) Initiation ---- c) Progression Which of the following is true about a malignant tumor? a) Grows by expansion b) Is usually slow growing c) Gains access to the blood and lymphatic channels d) Demonstrates cells that are well differentiated ---- c) Gains access to the blood and lymphatic channels Which of the following classes of antineoplastic agents is cell cycle-specific? a) Nitrosoureas (carmustine) b) Antimetabolites (5-FU) c) Antitumor antibiotics (bleomycin) d) Alkylating agents (cisplatin) ---- b) Antimetabolites (5-FU) Which of the following does a nurse thoroughly evaluate before a hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) procedure? a) Allergy history b) Family history c) Drug history d) Blood studies ---- d) Blood studies Which of the following is a type of procedure that uses liquid nitrogen to freeze tissue that causes cell destruction? a) Cryoablation b) Laser surgery c) Chemosurgery d) Electrosurgery ---- a) Cryoablation Which type of vaccine uses the patient's own cancer cells that are prepared for injection back into the
Instead medical researchers have developed targeted chemotherapy to better treat cancer without damaging healthy sections of the body. These methods include isolated infusion and targeted delivery mechanisms. Because scientists often call these molecules “molecular targets”, targeted cancer therapies are sometimes called molecularly targeted drugs (Avendano, C). Although controversial because of the
These cells normally grow and divide to produce other cells only when the body needs it to either growth or to replace dead cells. This regular process helps to keep the body healthy. Sometimes due to some changes in the genetic material cells become abnormal cells and they divided uncontrollably and they continue to divide and produce new cells that are not needed by the body and causes a mass of tissue called a tumor. Most cancer types called according to the organ or cell that this abnormal division began at it. When cancer spreads is often spread to nearby lymph nodes or other organs such as the liver and the brain through the
With angina comes shortness of breath and pain from beneath the breastbone, in the neck, and down the left arm. These symptoms can be confused with indigestion or associated with gallbladder issues (cite text). Cancer is another chronic disease that many people old and young face. 60 percent of all new cancers and 70 percent of cancer-related deaths occur in people age 65 and older (text). 22 percent of these deaths are due to cancer of the lungs, breast, colon and pancreas.
Kidney Cancer · Although kidney cancer usually grows as a single mass within the kidney, a kidney may contain more than one tumour, or tumours might be found in both kidneys at the same time. · Weight gain is a side effect of kidney cancer. As are Anxiety, Constipation, Depression, Fatigue, Hot Flashes, Immune Suppression, Insomnia, Mouth Sores, Nausea & Vomiting, Sexual Challenges, and Stress. · Some Causes of Kidney Cancer: Age - the older you are the higher the risk. Sex - the ratio between men and women is 1.5 to 1.
About 50% of patients present initially with chest pain (Yoder, 2006). The most frequent symptoms of lung cancer are fatigue during chemotherapy (97% of patients), pain (67% of patients), and insomnia (51% of patients, whether male or female. These symptoms tend to occur simultaneously throughout early chemotherapy (Yoder, 2006). Lung cancer is often diagnosed very late, often past the time when there are effective treatments for the disease (Gulyn and Youssef, 2010). The disease is not reliably detected with X-rays though CT scans can detect some early-stage disease.