Catapult Essay

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A catapult is a device used to throw or hurl a projectile a great distance without the aid of explosive devices—particularly various types of ancient and medieval siege engines.[1] Although the catapult has been used since ancient times, it has proven to be one of the most effective mechanisms during warfare. The word 'catapult' comes from the Latin 'catapulta', which in turn comes from the Greek καταπέλτης (katapeltēs), itself from (kata), "downwards"[2] + πάλλω (pallō), "to toss, to hurl".[3][4] Catapults were invented by the ancient Greeks.[5][6] Contents [hide] 1 Greek and Roman catapults 2 Modern use 3 Models 4 See also 5 Notes 6 External links [edit]Greek and Roman catapults Ancient mechanical artillery: Catapults (standing), the chain drive of Polybolos (bottom center), Gastraphetes (on wall) Roman 'catapult-nest' in the Dacian Wars The early history of the catapult and the crossbow in Greece are closely intertwined. Primitive catapults were essentially “the product of relatively straightforward attempts to increase the range and penetrating power of missiles by strengthening the bow which propelled them”.[7] The historian Diodorus Siculus (fl. 1st century BC), described the invention of a mechanical arrow firing catapult (katapeltikon) by a Greek task force in 399 BC.[8][9] The weapon was soon after employed against Motya (397 BC), a key Carthaginian stronghold in Sicily.[10][11] Diodorus is assumed to have drawn his description from the highly rated[12] history of Philistus, a contemporary of the events then. The introduction of crossbows however, can be dated further back: According to the inventor Hero of Alexandria (fl. 1st c. AD), who referred to the now lost works of the 3rd century BC engineer Ctesibius, this weapon was inspired by an earlier foot-held crossbow, called the gastraphetes, which could store more energy than the

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