There are also four outer objects which are use to serve as the gas giants. Each of outer planets such as Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune were encircled by planetary rings of dust and other particles. Lastly, the farthest of all is that the gray in color sphere which is said to be the Pluto. Let’s observe and look all around us! Looks like a real solar system.
Chapter 17 Vocabulary AP CHEMISTRY 1. Electromagnetic radiation: radiant energy that exhibits wave-like behavior and travels through space at the speed of light in a vacuum 2. Wavelength: the distance between two consecutive peaks or troughs in a wave 3. Frequency: the number of waves (cycles) per second that pass a given point in space 4. Planck's constant: the constant relating the change in energy for a system to the frequency of the electromagnatic radiation absorbed or emitted, equal to 6.626 X 10^-34 J 5.
Years after his death Physicist Isaac Newton (1642-1727) used these laws to help him develop his law of universal gravitation. The law of Universal Gravitation states that: "every particle in the Universe attracts every other particle in the universe with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them" (Serway 424). This essential means that the force of gravity increases the larger the masses are and decreases the farther away the masses are. The formula to determine the the magnitude of the gravitational force is: Fg = G (M1M2)/R^2 G is the Universal Gravitational Constant, M1 and M2 is the mass of the two objects and R is the distance between them. On Earth the force of gravity causes all objects to accelerate at 9.8m/s^2.
The Earth and Jupiter are spherical The volume of a sphere of radius r is (a) Show that the approximate ratio of the volume of the Earth to the volume of Jupiter is 1 : 1331. ......................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................... (1) (b) You are given density = Work out the approximate ratio of the average density of the Earth to the average density of Jupiter in the form 1 : n ......................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................... ...........................................................Answer 1:................................................ (2) (Total 3 marks) Q61. 251 is a prime number. (a) (i) Write down √251 Give your answer to 1 decimal place. Answer .............................................. (1) (ii) Explain how to test that 251 is a prime number.
Date: October 21, 2012 Class: Survey of the Sciences Subject: Unit 5. Isotopes and Radiation Radioactivity is the emission of energetic particles or waves from atoms. Natural radiation occurs when unstable nuclei transform to some other nucleus by emitting radiation. As they decay over varying lengths of time (from microseconds to hundreds of thousands of years), they emit energetic particles or waves. An isotope is a form of a chemical element whose atomic nucleus contains a specific number of neutron s, in addition to the number of proton s that uniquely defines the element.
Radio astronomial investigations of the distribution of hydrogen clouds have revealed that the Milky Way is a spiral galaxy of Hubble type Sb or Sc. Therefore, our galaxy has both a pronounced disk component exhibiting a spiral structure, and a prominent nuclear reagion which is part of a notable bulge/halo component. Decade-long observations have brought up more and more evidence that the Milky Way may also have a bar structure (so that it would be type SB), so that it may look like M61 or M83, and is perhaps best classified as SABbc. Recent investigations have brought up support for the assumption that the Milky Way may even have a pronounced central bar like barred spiral galaxies M58, M91, M95, or M109, and thus be of Hubble type SBb or SBc. More on the
Red shift occurs when light radiation moves away from an observer. The red shift is seen due to the expansion of the universe and distant light sources (millions of light years away) show red shift corresponding to the rate of increase in their distance from earth. If the universe was very, very hot, as scientists seem to think it was, there must be some remnants of heat left over from the beginning of the universe. In 1965, radio astronomers Arno Panzias and Robert Wilson discovered a 2.725 degree Kelvin Cosmic
(Dr. Barbara Mattson, 28-Dec-2010) A star cluster or star clouds are groups of stars. Star clusters can be distinguished as global clusters, which are roughly spherical groupings of from10, 000 to several million stars packed into regions of from 10 to 30 light years across. They commonly consist of very old Population II stars—just a few hundred million years younger than the universe itself—which are mostly yellow and red, with mass just less than two solar masses. Such stars predominate within clusters because hotter and more massive stars have exploded as supernovae, or evolved through planetary nebula phases to end as white dwarfs. Open clusters are very different from globular clusters.
As a child, we could not understand the magnificent miracle that takes place for a star to be born. Now we know stars initially form from clouds of dust and gas. The force of gravity makes the dust particles come spiraling in together. As they do, the gravitational energy converts into heat energy and the temperature rises. When the temperature gets high enough, hydrogen nuclei undergo nuclear fusion to form helium nuclei and give out massive amounts of heat and light.
This is referred to as the Synodic rotation period, whereas the former is the Sidereal rotation period. Now don't confuse this with modern techniques used to estimate the mass of an object by its spin. This kind of measurement is similar to relative dating techniques. The idea is that all things in our solar system are VERY old and that they have all been influenced by roughly the same gravitational forces and that they are mostly the same age. These estimates are used largely to guess the mass of asteroids and comets.