Are Large Firms More Efficient Than Small Firms?

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Are Large Firms More Efficient Than Small Firms? (25 Marks) A perfectly competitive market has five criteria that it should match. They are as follows, there should be a large number of buyers and sellers, there should be perfect information, they should sell homogenous goods, there should not be barriers to entry or exit and they should be price takers. Economic efficiency is when a firm minimises costs incurred, with minimal undesired side effects. In this essay, I will analyse whether small firms, who exist in perfectly competitive markets are efficient or not. Price Price Costs and Revenue Costs and Revenue Small firms in a perfectly competitive market can be dynamically efficient. Dynamic efficiency occurs when a firm takes its profits and re-invests them into its production process, this is done to increase their productive efficiency and in order to develop their products. As firms in a perfectly competitive market are price takers, they can become productively efficient by taking existing products and re-investing them into their production process. When they do this, their average costs will go down, and the curve will shift downwards from AC to AC1. With the current market price, they will then earn abnormal profits. Thus the PC (perfect competition) market can be dynamically efficient. Output Output Quantity Quantity However, in PC markets, there is perfect knowledge and there are no barriers to entry or exit. So other firms will be able to copy the ideas of the firm, due to perfect knowledge, and they will be able to enter the market, due to freedom of entry. When other firms enter the market, the supply curve shifts rightwards from S to S1 and the market price is then lowered from P to P1, which means the firms new price is P=D=AR=MR1. This means that all firms in the market are back to earning normal profit. Although, as firms will

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