Dementia is an umbrella term for number of diseases; "over 130 are known today" that affect the memory, behaviour, and motor skills. This causes vary depending on the disease, but largely the presence of "plaques and triangles" on the neurons of the brain are found with people with Alzheimer’s. Plaques are proteins that the body no longer breaks down and allows to build up, those get between the neurons that disrupt message transmission. The tangles are tau proteins within the neurons becoming abnormal. Types of Dementia Alzheimer's disease: This is the most common cause of dementia, accounting for about half of all cases.
Spinal Muscular Atrophy Spinal muscular atrophy or SMA for short is a neuromuscular disease. SMA represents a group of autosomal-recessive disorders, leading to muscle weakness and atrophy. This disorder is common and is passed on genetically to children by their parents. You cannot “catch” Spinal Muscular Atrophy by being around someone who has it. It is caused by progressive deterioration of the anterior horn cells of the spinal cord.
This gene is located near the bottom of the chromosome and gives it a “fragile appearance”. This altered gene can be passed from generation to generation. Fragile X syndrome is usually passed on by a gene that is carried by a woman. Therefore, in the general population, women, and not men, are usually offered carrier testing. The main cognitive features: _Mild learning difficulties to severe mental impairment.
Statistics show that between 1,200-1,400 children suffer head injuries from abuse in the United States. All it takes is that one time that parent, family members, close friends and or caregiver gets frustrated, then he or she snaps and might cause serve damage to the baby’s life
There are many symptoms that go along with the disease. Many people experience delays in speech and have trouble with language development. They also suffer from motor delay, which includes things like late crawling, walking, or potty training. Many affected people deal with constant hand flapping or hand biting. Also, people with Fragile X have poor vision.
The gene contains a member of the fibroblast-growth-factor receptor (FGFR3) family, which is shown in articular chonfrocytes. A missense mutation in the fibroblast growth factor receptor, on chromosome 4p, in humans, causes achondroplasia. Symptoms of achondroplasia are 1- Disproportionately short arms and legs, 2- Short fingers, 3- A large head with a prominent forehead, 4: A mid-face, 5- Short stature, and 6: Decreased muscle tone. Some children have delayed motor milestones, bowing of lower legs, and frequent ear infections. Intelligence and life span is not affected while having achondroplasia.
The cause of most cases is unknown. Symptoms include difficulty walking, memory loss and inability to control urine. NPH can sometimes be corrected with surgery to drain the excess brain fluid. (CROYZ-felt YAH-kob) is a rare, rapidly fatal disorder that impairs memory and coordination, and causes behavior changes. Recently, “variant CreutzfeldtMild cognitive impairment
Tay-Sachs Disease and The Teaching Plan Tay-sachs disease is an inherited disease that is common among Ashkenazi-Jewish population. It occurs from a mutation in the HEXA gene also known as deficiency of the human chromosome 15 in DNA. This missing chromosome affects nerve cells in the brain. This disease is an autosomal recessive inheritance, “such diseases do not occur unless two genes for the disease are present, that is, a homozygous recessive pattern.” (Lippincott, 1999,p 150). There is a 25% risk of giving birth to an affected child with each pregnancy.
A human body consists of two functioning CFTR gene, and when neither gene functions efficiently, cystic fibrosis is developed, and hence has autosomal recessive inheritance. Inevitably, cystic fibrosis affects various cellular processes in a human body such as RNA/DNA replication, protein synthesis, and respiration.
The Developmental Issues on Children in the Foster Care System The foster care system is the system where children go when their parents are unable to take care of them. In the foster care system, children are placed by trained professionals who are licensed adults that provide substitute parental care when the parents are away. Research states that the number of children in the foster care system was 513,000, a decline of about 10% from 2000 (Bigner, 2011). Children that are placed in foster care have suspiciously high rates of physical, developmental, and mental health problems and often have many unmet medical and mental health care needs. A greater number of young children with complicated, serious physical health, mental health, or developmental problems are entering foster care during the early years when brain growth is most active.