Extra Credit Assignment HSA 535 Dr. Paul Emeka March 24, 2014 Abstract This paper will focus on the views of epidemiology, it will give informative information on the content about health care, it will discuss views on changed and it discuss the best way to apply the principle of epidemiology. Health care services can be made to be responsive to the prevailing population conditions, such as diseases and deaths from certain conditions, and increases in the minority and elderly subgroups. Your views on the role of epidemiology. Include informative content about health care in general and public health in particular in actively and vigilantly addressing health concerns in the United States and abroad.
They do this by attempting to solve inequalities, so that all people not matter what are able to live a healthy life. There are eight policies to improve today's public health, these are; planning for health emergencies (this is making sure that health services are prepared for emergencies such as accidents, outbreaks of disease and terrorist attacks), helping more people to survive cancer (by attempting to reduce the cancer death rate by 5000), reducing smoking (by reducing smoking rates - 18.5% for adults, 12% for 15 year olds, and 11% for pregnant women), giving all children a healthy start in life (by improving maternity care and introducing the Healthy Child Programme, which is available to all families), reducing obesity and improving diet (by introducing the Change for Life programme, and ensuring that food packaging has clear nutritional information), reducing harmful drinking (again by introducing the Change for Life programme, and by providing £448 million to improve the lives of the 120,000 most troubled families), reducing drugs misuse and dependence (by providing support and information on drugs (I.e. FRANK), and supporting children in there first five years of their lives, to prevent drug use further on in their lives), and Creating a lasting legacy from the 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games (by promoting sports and
Health promotions can reduce premature deaths and it can also save the government, the National Health Service (NHS) and individuals money that would have been spent on avoidable medical treatment. There have been many different types of health promotion campaigns that target different topics and different target groups. Examples of different topics that health promotion campaigns have already targeted include; smoking, sexual health, food and nutrition, cancer and obesity. The first campaign that springs to my mind when thinking of obesity is ‘Change4Life’. Change4Life is a public health programme in England that began in 2009.
Florence Nightingale develops an understanding that the environment directly affects a patient’s wellbeing over 100 years ago; her observations are still relevant in today’s healthcare environments. Many public and community health problems could be avoided by application of her theory. Many health promotion programs are based on the application of her theory. The basis for reducing risks of cholera outbreaks in Haiti are all grounded on applying Nightingale’s theory. Nurses and health care providers implement aspects from a few different canons into the process of aiding in infection control and prevention of cholera in Haiti.
At the same time, the relationship between health and the broader policy context is increasingly seen as crucial to understanding and tackling health inequalities. The World Health Organisation (WHO) maintains that reducing inequalities requires inter-sectoral action to overcome the limited impact of action within health services (WHO, 1996). Policies to reduce inequalities in health in the UK have been developed in the context of widening economic and social inequalities during the 1980s and 1990s. The present UK government has launched a number of initiatives on social security, employment and education that target help to the poorest sections of society and focus particularly on poverty in childhood. On the other hand, other UK social security measures can be seen to have the opposite effect.
People in disadvantaged groups and areas tend to experience the poorest health but health inequalities exist across the population as a whole (Department of Health, 2007). The outcome of health inequalities are relatively current, pervasive and persistent (Marmot, 2010, cited in Health Select Committee, 2009) and there is an on-going discussion in the media on the factors of health inequalities and its relative contribution to unequal outcomes of education, social class, economic status, employment and ethnicity (Wilkinson & Pickett, 2010). National Equality Panel (NEP) reported in (Hill, et al., 2010) that inequalities within a minority group were substantial, often as great as, and sometimes greater than the inequality in the population as a whole. The term “health inequalities” is closely linked to “social determinants of health” (Marmot and Wilkinson 1999) as it refers to the multiple influences upon health status, including socioeconomic status, diet, education, employment, housing, and income. Social class is a measure that aims to locate one’s position in the social
Prejudice can be defined as “a negative attitude toward and entire category of people, often an ethnic or racial minority group”, and this film portrays this very well. The wealthy were prejudiced toward the poor, “slumdogs” and set standards for the poor people. The “slumdogs” had no say in their lives because the wealthy have already decided what they are capable of without giving them many chances. Prejudice from the wealthy is shown clearly in the opinion that someone from the slum could not possibly possess knowledge. The quizmaster – who himself has gone from rags to riches - presents this belief to the audience, and their response shows them to be in agreement with it.
How can Marxist criticism open up different interpretations of Celie’s change of status in The Colour Purple? The Colour Purple could be associated with many different Marxist ideas, for example, through the idea of freewill. Through the idea of setting in the novel we are able to see how low class Celie and her family are and how little freewill they have. Many people within her society are treated as slaves to white people and not worthy of an education of a job. This could be linked to the Marxist idea that would believe that Celie’s circumstances with her father and lack of education is a result of the class she is in, Marxists would believe that her oppression is down to the class she was born into.
For example, if we know someone is on welfare, we tend to think they are lazy and don't care. When we see poor people, we say they deserve their life because they are lazy and don't try hard enough, and we say homeless people are addicts/alcoholics, but in reality most people in the US are one paycheck from disaster. Really, we as a hole need to stop and think, when we see poor, homeless or people receiving government assistance that could be us, and they
The handicap apparatus that some people carry is a metaphor for the disproportionate tax code, welfare, or set-aside programs found in the U.S. today. Kurt Vonnegut views these programs as the infrastructure of a socialist system. The Handicapper General penalizes people because of a perceived advantage. The narrator describes the handicap assigned to Harrison’s father: “While his intelligence was way above normal, George had a little mental handicap radio in his ear that will send out a sharp noise so that people like him do not take unfair advantage of their brains” (216). Handicapping George might be similar to a successful businessman in 2011 being charged a higher tax rate so as not to take unfair advantage of his growing capital reserves.