A.P. World History Guided Reading Chapter 12 “Mongol Eurasia and Its Aftermath – 1200 to 1500”

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A.P. World History Guided Reading Chapter 12 “Mongol Eurasia and Its Aftermath – 1200 to 1500” Terms Steppes: broad openings/dry land
 Nomadism: a way of life, forced by a scarcity of resources, in which groups of people continually migrate to find pastures and water Khan: Title given to Mongol leaders, meaning "supreme ruler"
 Shamanism: a practice that involves a practitioner reaching altered states of consciousness in order to encounter and interact with the spirit world and channel these transcendental energies into this world.
 Bubonic plague: A bacterial disease of fleas that can be transmitted by flea bites to rodents and humans; humans in late stages of the illness can spread the bacteria by coughing. Because of its very high mortality rate and the difficulty of preventing its spread, major outbreaks have created crises in many parts of the world.
 “Great Pandemic”: The Black Death
 Tax farming: able to deliver large amounts of grain, cash, and silk. 
 ‘The Mongol Yoke”: Describes the ruthless Mongol rule over the Slavs for about 200 years after the conquest of Chinggis Khan. The Mongols used existing Slavic princes as servants and tax collectors. Good princes were rewarded with heredity. Alexander Nevsky began the process of making the princes more powerful, and it was finished by Ivan III, who overthrew the Mongols and became Russia's first tzar
 Tsar: Russian title for monarch to refer Russian Ruler, Ivan III (r. 1462-1505)
 Teutonic Knights: Order of German Knights founded in Jerusalem who shifted their area of operation in 1211 to eastern Europe to convert non-Christians Places
 The Ukraine: a country in Eastern Europe Empires / Kingdoms Il-khan Empire: a “secondary” or “peripheral” khan based in Persia. The il-khans’ khanate was founded by Hulegu, a grandson of Genghis Khan, and was based at Tabriz in modern Azerbaijan. It

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