Therefore if a Christian was entering a mosque, out of respect for the Muslim culture, they would also take off their shoes, and vice versa. Some might say that morality and good manners are the same thing, therefore we should adapt our behaviours depending on which society we happen to be in. We should not be so ignorant to realise that our ideas or morals can differ by extremes all over the world, and have no right to try and influence others. If I think ‘Dictatorship is wrong’ is not absolute or universally true. It is true within my culture and society.
Prejudiced views between cultures may result in racism; in its extreme forms, racism may result in genocide, such as occurred in Germany with the Jews, in Rwanda between the Hutus and Tutsis and, more recently, in the former Yugoslavia between the Bosnians and Serbs. Henri Tajfel proposed that stereotyping is based on a normal cognitive process – the tendency to group things together. In doing so, we tend to exaggerate the differences between groups and the similarities of things in the same group. We categorize people in the same way. We see the group to which we belong (the in-group) as being different from the others (the out-group), and members of the same group as being more similar than they are.
The national culture of a member also differs in terms of the dimensions of individualism/collectivism. Members from collectivist cultures
Analyse the causes and discuss the consequences of separatism (40 marks) Separatism is the advocacy or practice of separation of a certain group of people from a larger body on the basis of ethnicity, religion, gender, ideology, authority and wealth. In this essay I will analyse the impacts and consequences of separatism. When the residents of a region or state have apposing beliefs and views to, or feel alienated against, the central government, they often attempt to seek to gain more political control or to break away from the government to set their own laws and dictate their own way of life. These groups of people may seek separation as their religion, culture or language may be different from the rest of the nation and are often geographically peripheral. This may lead the area to feel remote from the central government and that they may not receive the same amount of economic development or support as such inner regions would receive and this could lead to an attempt of separation.
western society, stereotype is commonly placed onto what Anglo-Saxons believe that they are not normal to their culture. Fundamentally, the media also play a part in how people "think" and generalise a group of individuals, based on the other's gender, race, religion, hair colour and so forth. This essay will discuss the stereotype that is reinforced in specific print and broadcast media representations, concentrating on three examples of gender-roles, blondes, and African-Americans, and what it tells about dominant ideologies. Firstly, we have fixed beliefs, opinions and attitudes that individuals hold about typical characteristics of female and male gender roles. These may relate to personality, where males are tough and intensive, while on the other hand, the females are usually the weak and sensitive (Williams, La Rose & Frost, 1981).
Over time a stimulus may affect a segment of the population in such a dramatic way that they alter as a society their moral make. “The nature and structure of belief systems is important from the perspective of an informational theorist because beliefs are thought to provide the cognitive foundation of an attitude. In order to change an attitude, then, it is presumably necessary to modify the information on which that attitude rests. It is generally necessary, therefore, to change a person's beliefs, eliminate old beliefs or introduce new beliefs." (Richard Petty) The unfolding of time brings changes and transitions to societies.
Ethnocentrism is judging another culture solely by the values and standards of one's own culture. [1][page needed] Ethnocentric individuals judge other groups relative to their own ethnic group or culture, especially with concern for language, behavior, customs, and religion. These ethnic distinctions and subdivisions serve to define each ethnicity's unique cultural identity. [2] Ethnocentrism may be overt or subtle, and while it is considered a natural proclivity of human psychology, it has developed a generally negative connotation. [3] Origins of the concept and its studyEdit The term ethnocentrism was created by William G. Sumner, upon observing the tendency for people to differentiate between the in-group and others.
In most cases, society affects it by the formation of prevailing fashions and cultural characteristics of the times, which are commonly called the custom. This is deeply rooted in the propaganda and education, as well as based on the development of politics and economy. People are exerted a subtle influence on while they may not recognize the fact. One who defy it would be viewed like an ‘alien’ and unable to integrate into society However, it is worthy of further discussion that the way people look, dress and act can represent what the whole society holds and values comprehensively and accurately. When speaking from the personal level, the answer tends to be negative.
Labelling theory was developed during the 1950s/60s and is closely related to interactionist and social construction theories. It is essentially based upon the reaction of societal groups to certain behaviors that are carried out. Such societal groups view these types of behaviour as deviating from or violating social norms in some way and therefore attach a label to it. The negative labels enforced on the individuals who carry out this behaviour may change how they see themselves, influence how they act, and in turn may lead to deviant behaviour being carried. According to Holdaway, S. (1988, p.44) “labelling is a process, not a direct, causal force”.
In this significant topic, John Tomlinson deals with several issues that range from the ideological impacts of imported cultural stuff, to the cultural homogenization process, and also to the cultural autonomy nature. Tomlinson studied quite a number of related cultural discourses. They include media imperialism, the discourse of national identity; the critique of capitalism and the critique of cultural modernity. His findings, as well as analysis, expose key issues, which illustrates the way the establishment of the idea of cultural is different from political and economy imperialism (Tomlinson, 2004). John Tomlinson argues that the concept of cultural imperialism is a result of cultural loss.