When you struggle with language differences, it is difficult to effectively handle conflict c. Different orientations to conflict and conflict management style also complicate intercultural conflict. Two Orientations to Conflict 1. Conflict as Opportunity: a conflict is a normal, useful process and all issues are subject to change through negotiation. Benefits of conflict: a. Gaining new information about people or other groups b. Diffusing more serious conflict c. Increasing cohesiveness Conflict as Destructive: Assumptions: a. conflict is a destructive disturbance of the peace, the social system should be adjusted to the needs of members; rather, members should adapt to established values When conflict does arise, the strong spiritual value of pacifism dictates a nonresistant response-often avoidance.
Culture is shared norms and values and ways of interacting that bind together members of society or some other collection of people together. Across cultures, the classification systems differ, e.g. in west, it is abnormal to hear voices but in some religions hearing voices can be desirable. A lot of diagnosing is to do with social norms, however these can easily change over time or space. The DSM and similar books are often made in western society so they can’t be used correctly in eastern societies making them culturally biased.
There can be differences between people but then again there are differences in a person`s family so there are chances of a people being rude to one another but that is not an entire culture acting, that is just an ignorant individual who needs guidance. In contrast to this attempt by Holtzman to bring two groups together Hopper adds “ however, as well as contributing to the development of multicultural societies, the process of globalization can serve to
Chapter 8: Conformity, Compliance, and Obedience - Social influence o Changes in behaviour caused by other people - Conforming behaviour occurs for two principal reasons: o Informational influence • When people are influence by others because of a desire to be correct and to obtain valid information • Reflects that people often rely on others as a source of information o Normative influence • When people are influenced by others to gain reward or to avoid punishment • Disagree with others judgments or beliefs, but proceed in an attempt to be liked or avoid conflict - These can occur simultaneously - We often want to please other people (normative influence) whose judgments we seek (informational influence) Conformity o Most
Ethnocentrism is the way an individual look at the world from his/her own beliefs in their culture. They feel that their culture, race, or ethnic group is more significant and that their culture is more superior than any other culture of other groups. In feeling this way the individuals will judge other groups, such as their behavior, the language in which they use, religion. How it could be detrimental to society is that it could lead to false speculation about the differences in cultures. It leads to society making premature judgments about other cultures, not knowing all the facts about another culture.
When ethnocentrism is present, it has the affect of having people sort out members of society by group lines, usually by using an easily identifiable characteristic (skin tone) into "us" and "them". But Noel cautions that ethnocentrism by itself is not enough to cause ethnic stratification. There exist historical examples of groups with ethnocentric beliefs that lived side by side in peace. A second condition cited by Noel that is needed for ethnic stratification is competition. Competition is where there is a struggle for scare resources which could include anything from land, labor, jobs, and housing to educational opportunities.
Leaders who use these powers must understand they come with strengths as well as weaknesses, for example in my opinion those leaders who use coercive power to influence by fear don’t really earn their subordinates and peers respect and true loyalty and sooner or later will fail. Leaders who are subject matter expert frequently inspire the respect, trust and loyalty of subordinates, peers and superior alike. Rewarding power could be both bad and good as it rewards deserving people and sometimes will reward the not so deserving ones creating conflict in the organization. Charisma power might lead those who like the leader, but the leader may not be knowledgeable or skill enough to make the right decisions and finally referent power could empower those with the resources and personal traits but once the resources run out, the leader may not be
Some might need more help than others. • Inclusion is about ensuring that there are no barriers that would exclude people or make it difficult for them to fully participate in the society. For example, in the planning, my service user will always be at the centre of the planning when I want to support him. 1.2 Describe the potential effects of discrimination. Discrimination is when one is been treated less favourably than others and has most of the times damaging effect.
Some people use scapegoats to escape fear. Lastly, people use scapegoats because they may have low self-esteem. They may need to feel better about themselves because of certain problems that can occur. Societies use scapegoats for a variety of reasons, but it all comes down to the manner in which
(301.1) Understand the principles of developing positive relationships with children, young people and adults. 1.3 Explain how different social, professional and cultural contexts may affect relationships and the way people communicate. Different social, professional and cultural contexts may affect relationships and the way people communicate due to a lack of understanding of one another’s background and culture. There are some behaviour’s that may be perceived differently by different people, for example the way a person dresses may be accepted by one culture but not by another, therefore offending them and increasing breakdown of a relationship When communicating with others you need to consider the way in which you are working. Sometimes you need to adapt the way you communicate in different situations.