2.1 Compare the strengths and limitations of a range of assessment methods with reference to the needs of individual learners. 3.1 Summarise the key factors to consider when planning assessment. 3.2 Evaluate the benefits of using a holistic approach to assessment. 3.3 Explain how to apply holistic assessment when planning assessment. 3.4 Summarise the types of risks that may be involved in assessment in own area of practice.
She is who will be holding me accountable to improve my communication skills. In order to improve my communication skills I will need to fully understand the three meanings of verbal messages and how to get them across to my audience. The first is the semantic meaning- the meaning of a verbal message derived from the language itself. The second is the linguistic meaning- using language that respects others while avoiding language that offends. Finally, the third is the pragmatic meaning- meaning of a verbal message that arises from understanding the practical consequences of an utterance.
The social needs are adaption, goal attainment, integration and pattern maintenance. Parsons calls these social prerequisites. Social equilibrium is the result of social institutions working effectively to meet these needs and produce social stability. Social institutions can also be studied in terms of the functions
In many cases, an informal or abbreviated approach can lead to reasonable interventions. However, in other circumstances, a more comprehensive and systematic process is required. An appropriate FBA is one that is matched to the circumstances and leads to an effective behavioral support plan. When enough data have been collected for FBA, the information must be summarized in a way to be useful in making intervention decisions. There are three steps: (A) formulation behavioral hypotheses, (B) constructing a completing behaviors pathway model, (C) compressive intervention planning based on behavioral hypotheses and competing behaviors pathway (Sprague, Sugai,& Walker,
Summary: Authors Peter L. Berger and Thomas Luckmann identify and explore the dynamics of how reality is socially constructed. We are made aware of how the patterns of our actions become “habitualized” (pg, 42) and subsequently, these habitualizations in time then become institutions within our society, or the society in question. As these actions become institutionalized; which is impart done through the use language, they are perceived as “reality” (pg, 47). Furthermore, through the process of “institutionalization” (pg, 42), “knowledge” (pg. 49) is developed and must be both conveyed and preserved by future society to ensure that the institutions in place remain “real”.
They suggest norms and values are flexible guidelines. We apply meanings to social behaviour and are aware of how others see that behaviour and how we should act in a given situation. ----------------------- Social action theory Phenomenology Symbolic interactionism Ethnomethodology Structuration theory Weber Blumer Meaning Goffman Cooley Mead Schutz Garfinkel Giddens Structural and action approaches are both important to fully understand human behaviour. To get a full sociological explanation involves two levels: The level of cause and the level of meaning. (E.g.
Defining helping as a core dimension of Group Organizational Citizenship Behavior (GOCB), Choi is addressing the possible antecedents of GOCB, since it proves to boost performance. Throughout his quantitative study he is trying to identify the characteristics promoting group-level helping proposing three different factors for investigation: Leadership effect, Group composition, and interpersonal perception. The effect of which was examined by three different indicators: aggregated members-rated group-level helping, manager-rated group-level helping , and aggregated individual-level helping. Construct, framework, predictors and measurements are all discussed in this interesting, multi-level organizational research. Choi has been influenced by Mark's model of team performance processes (Mark et al., 2001), to compose the construct of group-level helping.
The results indicated that that the most important factors affecting identity ranked in their order of importance are cohesiveness, voice and consensus respectively Introduction Social identity refers to how human beings make sense of each other. As such, social identity is critical to the construction of culture and by extension society (Turner, 1985). Human beings need to know the affiliations, beliefs, intentions of others to interpret their actions and/or predict their future behavior (Turner et al. 2008). While the qualities aren’t observable directly, they can be externally manifested through signals revealing of internal self (Turner et al.
.The image we have of ourselves. The mental image or perception that one has of oneself. while self-efficacy is a person’s belief in themselves to reach their goals and their power . 2. Describe at least three aspects of Pat’s self-concept and self-esteem.
This study has found leadership, communication and participation as three essential elements to managing resistance to change programs. All stakeholders such as leaders, suppliers and customers need to be involved for change initiative success. Transformational leadership creates important changes through inspiration to improve individual and group performance, therefore critical to effective organisational change. Transformational leaders that display emotional intelligence can expect a follower’s agreement and greater accomplishment compared to other leadership styles. A real life example of successful transformational leadership is included.