Infertility Outline

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Infertility Outline I. Infertility is a condition that affects many women trying to conceive. The reasons are varied. The outcomes of women or couples trying to have a baby are varied as well. The diagnosis is as important as the treatment and the affects that infertility can have on a woman or her partner are profound. II. Infertility is defined as an inability to conceive despite engaging in unprotected intercourse for a prolonged period of time or at least 12 months. A. Primary infertility-refers to a woman that has never been pregnant. B. Secondary infertility- refers to a woman that has been pregnant in the past. C. The desire to conceive and having problems with infertility are often the very reason that women enter the healthcare system. III. Infertility is a medical condition that affects men and women. A. Infertility affects approximately 15% of the population. B. Prevalence of infertility increases with the age of the woman. 1. Delayed childbearing- the trend toward having children later in life. 2. Endometriosis- inflammation of the uterine lining 3. Ovulatory dysfunction. IV. There are many reasons that a couple trying to conceive might experience issues with infertility. A. Some common causes for female infertility 1. Developmental anomalies 2. Anovulation-menstrual cycle in which the ovaries do not release an oocyte. 3. Hormonal disorders 4. Asherman syndrome- uterine adhesions or scars 5. Endometriosis 6. Chronic Cervitis 7. Nutritional deficiencies. 8. Premature ovarian failure B. Common causes for male infertility 1. Undescended testes 2. Hypospadias- birth defect in boys in which the opening of the urethra is on the underside of the penis instead of at the tip. 3. Varicocele- similar to spider veins 4. Obstructive lesions 5. Endocrine
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