Trinidad and Tobago is a rich cosmopolitan republic. History of Japan Nara Period (ca AD 710-794) Buddhism became the national religion and Buddhist art and architecture flourished. Provincial temples called Kokubunj were set up throughout Japan. It was during this period that the Great Buddha at the Todaiki temple in Nara was built. Heian Period (794-1185) The capital moved to what is now Kyoto and the Fujiwara family gained control of the government.
For the Japanese there has been a trend of taking aspects of everyday life and detailing and abstracting them such that their original purpose and daily practicality is somewhat lost. From eating food, drinking tea and wearing clothes seemingly basic aspects of daily life have a history of becoming a delicate art to which full cultural dedication and lifetime studies were devoted. The Jōmon are one of the oldest known groups in Japan and are arguably the first society in the world to develop pottery and whose unique style gave the group its name Jōmon meaning ‘rope marked’ 1. Starting from about 11,000 BCE to 300 BCE the Jōmon are the longest prehistoric people to occupy Japan 2 with their largest mark on Japanese history being their detailed, unique and dramatic style of pottery found from the
Interestingly, however, we see the development of outer influence as the Japanese are able to progress from incorporating and modifying foreign cultural influence in their art, to developing a uniquely identifiable Japanese style. The earliest documented Japanese style, The Jomon era, dates back to approximately 11,000 to 300 BCE. These were not the Japanese people as we know them today, but early settlers of the time. Jomon, meaning ‘cord impressed’, is given to this period to reflect the highly textured and cord impressed vessels of the time. Art works were predominantly of different forms of pottery reflecting the hunting and gathering nomadic way of life.
David Taylor Hawaii Pacific University Professor Poe Anthropology – 2000 30 Nov 2013 Ainu People Ainu in the native tongue means “human” and in Japanese it is “Ezo.” They live on the island of Hokkaido, the most northern island of Japan, second largest to the main island Honshu. Could this protective archipelago surrounded by ocean preserve a civilization for over 10,000 years? Well the Ainu are arguably the direct decedents of the well published Jomon who lived throughout Japan. Jomon means corded marked, a name archeologist attributed to a civilization for the construction style of their pottery, which dates to the Neolithic revolution. The Ainu, however, maintain hunting and gathering as a primary means, agriculture is only to supplement their diet.
The Tokugawa continued to rule Japan for 265 years. This period is known as the Edo period and gets its name from the capital city of Edo, now Tokyo (2 Dynasty of Tokugawa Shoguns), they ruled until the Meiji Restoration when the Shoguns were stripped of their power and reduced in rank to Ronin. (2.) Unlike any of his predecessors, Ieyasu was able to establish a dynasty (2). He redistributed land among the daimyo: more loyal vassals received strategically more important domains accordingly.
*1 He wrote the first Chinese catechism and composed the first ever map of China which he showed the Emperor, to prove that China was not the centre of the earth. He translated the works of Confuscious into Latin and adapted the liturgical rites of Christianity to the mentality of the Chinese. He is a model of dialogue and respect for other believers who carried out a great work of interculturation in China. Using some of the social elements of Confucianism for his pastoral strategy. Translates Euclidean elements of geometry to the Chinese which even the Communist party has acknowledged as having great historical importance.
Japan, which lies east of China and just under Korea, was no exception as it too fell under the gaze of the West. However Japan is regarded as an exceptional case in history, for it ‘opened its doors’ to these nations and learnt and adapted to their Western ways in order to emerge later as a stronger nation and world power. This paper seeks to exam the process through which Japan underwent during this transaction. The arrival of Commodore Matthew Perry in Uraga Bay, July 1853, saw the beginning of this process of rapid and bewildering change that would greatly alter the course of Japan’s history. In less than a century, Japan would transform itself into the first country outside of the West to possess a modern state, a modern industrial economy and involve itself in the politics of the world; Japan would become the first Imperial nation that wasn’t from the west.
The Shang Dynasty also known as the Yin Dynasty ran from 1700 B.C to 1027 B.C. Is thought to be erected by a rebel leader who ousted the previous Xia leader. The Shang dynasty is documented for the styles that provide China with its cultural heritage. The Shang dynasty used royal workspaces to produce bronze containers, but also included tools, weapon’s, and instruments. They were also big on hunting, and farming as a profitable methods.
These Sages, who were given “Zi” at the end of their names, went around the kingdoms, explaining to the ruler what they thought the best solution was for uniting China. The most prominent ideas were usually any of the three sects, Daoist, Confucianist or Legalist. Daoism was based on the ideas of Laozi and Zhuangzi, Confucianism on those of Confucius (Kongzi) and Mencius (Mengzi), and Legalism on those of Han Feizi. Confucianism was not adopted in Confucius’ life time. It developed later,
Cultural Harmony The characteristic of harmony that Indian and Chinese Cultures achieved thousand of years ago made a great impact on the other countries of the world. As China and India are neighbouring nations, the quality of harmonization had a particular influence on the masses of the two countries. It can be noticed in the lives of the people living in the North-Western regions of India and of those living in the border areas of China. The Indo-Chinese relationship was established long ago in the ancient times, on the basis of the quality of harmony present in both the cultures. As consequence of the profoundness of these cultural ties, hundred of Chinese scholars were the student of the famous Nalanda University much before the advent of Christ.