Untreated septicemia plague is universally fatal, but early treatment with antibiotics reduces the mortality rate to between 4 and 15 percent (Wagle 1948; Meyer 1950; Datt Gupta 1945). People who die from this from this form of plague often die on the same day symptoms first appear. The pneumonic plague infects the lungs, and with that infection comes the possibility of person-to-person transmission through respiratory droplets. The incubation period for pneumonic plague is usually between two and four days, but can be as little as a few hours (Kirby, R. 2005). The initial symptoms, of headache, weakness, and coughing with hemoptysis, are indistinguishable from other respiratory illnesses.
They discovered that their battle drills were quite applicable when raiding the actual houses. It is said that they were in and out so fast it might appear that they had been raiding houses since the day they joined the army. Since this was one of the only good things to come out of this raid the allies kept it fresh in their mind to keep these drills for other raids. The weapons that were used were not very good. The tanks were not designed to travel over the rocky beach and resisted to movement in a mere matter of minutes since departing the boats.
Their trench lines took advantage of the rough terrain present on the western front, hills and villages were used as strong points whilst reverse slopes provided valuable defensive positions. In contrast, the French felt obliged to recapture any piece of native soil and as a result their positions were generally less effective. The British were still attempting to work offensively and thus built their trenches as close as possible to enemy trenches, even when they weren’t preparing a major attack. * Trenches rarely ran in a straight line to counter the effects of shells and other explosives, the zig-zag like layout also provided defence when the enemy managed to capture and occupy another section. * There were typically 3 lines of trenches; the front line, the support line, and the Reserve line.
This tactic was used, for example, at battles such as the Battle of Verdun and the Battle of the Somme in 1916, and the Battle of Passchendaele in 1917. This tactic, however, tended to result in huge casualty rates and neither side made significant gains. New weapons were also used in an attempt to break the stalemate on the Western Front. At first, artillery barrage was used to inflict constant barrage on the enemy and preceding front offensives. As the war drew on, other weapons such as gas and tanks were used by the Germans for the first time at the First Battle of Ypres in 1915, and became a major tool of warfare on the Western Front.
2003). If these munitions are not fired from the safe distance of 25 feet, blunt-force type injuries can occur, some resulting in fatal outcomes (Driscoll, P. 2003). Accuracy of aim is also crucial; strikes to the head, neck and throat dramatically increase the risk of death (Driscoll, P. 2003). In addition, the preexisting health of the subject can contribute to a fatal outcome when struck with a beanbag round (Driscoll, P. 2003). A possibility exists that impact from kinetic impact munitions can result in cardiac dysrhythmia or traumatic apnea, resulting in death (Driscoll, P. 2003).
Even one serious side effect in a million doses of vaccinations cannot be justified if there is no benefit from the vaccination itself. If there were no vaccines, there would be many more serious cases of disease, and in return, more serious side effects and more deaths. Comparing the risk from disease with the risk from the vaccines can give us an idea of the benefits we get from vaccinating our children. The fact is that a child is far more likely to be seriously injured by one of these diseases than by any vaccine. While any serious injury or death caused by vaccines is too many, it is also clear that the benefits of vaccination greatly outweigh the slight risk, and that many, many more injuries and deaths would occur without vaccinations.
Trench warfare was such a horrible and deadly thing many soldiers called it the worst time of their life. Weapons used in the trench war were only good when they were being used against the enemies. Bayonets, Rifles and grenades are what most soldiers had to defend their self. But mustard gas bombs and notched bayonets were what really hurt the enemies the most. Soldiers had burnt lungs from mustard gas, lost limbs from bombs and organs ripped out from notched bayonets.
The trenches were ensured to be constructed in a zig-zag pattern because this design prevented a direct line of fire down a single line, if a trench were to be taken over by the enemy. Many new technological advancements had taken place during WWI, Roden’s letter had described the very minute amount of weaponry that Roden had seen. “Before attacking they used burning liquid on our trenches, and the whole line of trenches were one mass of flames for about 15 minutes. It was a marvel to see how they sent it across. It was worse than gas.” Napalm was a brand new substance that was introduced by the Germans, which was a jelly like substance that could be easily transported and when ignited, would burn ferociously for a long period of time.
With firefights, life and death situations, and the mourning of their fellow soldiers, Restrepo showed that when it comes to war, even when we win, everyone still loses. At war, winning is the main goal. Defeating the opposing side and fighting for your country is what soldiers sign up to do. However, even when the soldiers accomplish their goal, and survive the war, a part of them still dies. They will never be the same person they were before they left for war because what they see, experience and feel will change them no matter how tough they are.
“Future adversaries are more likely to pose irregular threats.” Many tacticians and strategist alike long for the days of a battlefield that was understandable and had symmetry as to the conduct of warfare. This type of war followed a set of rules like the Geneva Convention and with an enemy we knew and the methods and means at their disposal. General Sir Rupert Smith said it best though “It is now time to recognize that a paradigm shift in war has undoubtedly occurred.” As we begin to come to grips with a war that has been protracted now for over ten years, and just reached a milestone of 2,000 killed in action (KIA), some basic questions still remain about our current and future adversaries. Are they state sponsored, an organization, network, movement or ideology that we find ourselves fighting? What are their long term objectives and do they have a Clausewitz type center of gravity, or should we even use the term enemy or just terrorist?