In the past, divorce was seen as a negative thing, as society at the time was more religious and also churches never allowed people to remarry. In 1997 a survey was carried out which found out that divorce was quickly becoming “normalised” and it was socially acceptable for people to be divorced and even remarried. The views on women and equality have changed recently too. Employment of women has increased over the last year and this has increases their financial independence, so a husband is no longer a necessity for financial security. They can also receive a range of government benefits to
There are many reasons for changes in family size over the past 100 years. Family size has been changing in all of the world’s industrial societies. One of the main reasons of changes in family size is that divorce rates have increased dramatically. This can be seen by figures showing that in 1950, there were 40,000 divorces across England and Wales and in 2005 there 153,399 across the same area. The increase in divorce has led to more reconstituted families, singlehood and single parenthood, therefore the family size has generally decreased apart from in cases where reconstituted families have been formed.
The 2001 census shows that 43% of young people with no religion were cohabiting. The increased secularisation influences the change in the divorce rate because it makes dissatisfied couples feel more at ease to file for a divorce without having to bear the wrath of the churches opposition towards their decision. In addition to that many churches are starting to soften their attitudes towards divorce and divorcees,
This was introduced in the mid 1960’s which allowed women to take control of their own fertility, which saw more women use contraception’s so birth rates decreased as a result of this. Over the past 25 years, 35% of all conceptions for the 18 - 19 age groups have ended in terminations and 20% of all conceptions are legally terminated. Also the legalisation of abortion in 1967 has had a huge impact on the number of birth rates, women were able to terminate their pregnancy & either focus on their career or decide not to have children. For Botting and Dunnell (2000), legal abortions have “contributed to the falling birth rates” amongst various age groups. Moreover because of these birth control techniques family sizes have decreased as more and more women now have more control over births than they did in the 1900’s, so they are choosing to have less children as a result of this.
In 2006, one in five women aged 45 were childless – double that of twenty years previously. Since women are choosing to not have children – the birth rate and there fore family size has fallen since 1900. Another factor is the decline in the infant mortality rate – the number of infants who die before their first birthday per 1000 babies born alive per year. Many sociologists argue that a fall in IMR leads to a fall in birth rate because if many infants die, parents have more children to replace those they have lost and thus increasing the birth rate. This is proven since in 1900 the IMR in the UK was 154 and by 2007 it had sharply declined to 5, owing to many factors including improved housing and better sanitation.
In what ways has political participation declined in the UK in recent years? (10 marks) Political participation is when the general public are involved in the decisions that the government make. This can take the form of simply casting their vote at a general election or becoming a member of pressure groups or political parties in their local area. Political participation has declined in the UK over the past 30 years, this has occurred in a number of ways. The first way in which political participation in the UK has declined is through the fall in the number of voters at the general elections.
Other reasons can be things such as declining stigma and changing attitudes. It is now seen and respected by the public to divorce if want to end your marriage. Whereas before it had been looked down on and a act of shame. Now that it no longer exists people are more confident to divorce without the judgement of society. Mitchell and goody (1997) claim that important changes since the 1960's has rapidly declined stigma attached to divorce.
Since a lot of people wanted lower immigration numbers the congress passed the immigration act which decreased the numbers of immigrants from 800,000 increase in a single year to 300,000. Although the number of immigrants had decreased dramatically there was still much hatred among the different ethnicities especially towards the African Americans. This triggered the creation of the Klu Klux Klan also known as the KKK. The Klan began in 1915 for the reason that they wanted America to be filled with people who were just like them. This was led by protestant Americans trying to get America the way it used to be.
The states that have a higher frequency of church service do indeed have fewer cases of abortion per 1000 women. It is however, not as pronounced as one may have expected. Moreover, the distribution –or variance- of the results seems to be all over the place. While a slight downward sloping trend appears on the graph, this phenomenon disappears once we isolate those states whose population attends visits church frequently at least 33% of the time. It is the states that are below 33% that are tilting this regression line downward (negatively).
Q9. Examine the reasons for changing patterns for marriage and divorce for past 50 years or so. Marriage is the legal relationship between two people in eyes of law. The changes that occur in marriages rate were that less people got married meaning there was a decrease in marriages when as the divorce rate had become more common meaning the have increased .Those changes were caused by reasons that will be examine in this essay. The main and most important reason for the decrease in marriages and increase in divorces was the fact that changing attitudes towards them.