Use of Aids and Prosthesis

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INTRODUCTION According to various estimates, about 5 to 10 percent of the world’s population is affected by one or more disabilities. In our country the National Sample Survey 1991 has estimated that about 1615 cores or nearly two percent of the population, who experience difficulty in walking or using their limbs, or suffer from visual, hearing or mental impairment. The figures of 2001 census are much higher. Aging, the normal process of time-related change, begins with birth and continues throughout life. Americans are living longer, and thus the number of older Americans is the most rapidly expanding segment of the population. Therefore, whenever nurses work with an adult population, they are likely to encounter a majority of elderly patients. In medicine, a prosthesis, prosthetic, or prosthetic limb (from Ancient Greek prósthesis, "addition, application, attachment) is a device that replaces a missing body part. It is part of the field of biomechatronics, the science of using mechanical devices with human muscle, skeleton, and nervous systems to assist or enhance motor control lost by trauma, disease, or defect. Prostheses are typically used to replace parts lost by injury (traumatic) or missing from birth (congenital) or to supplement defective body parts. Inside the body, artificial heart valves are in common use with artificial hearts and lungs seeing less common use but under active technology development. Other medical devices and aids that can be considered prosthetics include hearing aids, artificial eyes, palatal obturator, gastric bands, and dentures. Although the majority of older adults enjoy good health, in national surveys as many as 20% of adults 65 years of age and older report a chronic disability. Chronic disease is the major cause of disability; heart disease, cancer, and stroke continued to be the three leading causes of death in people 65

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