Parkinson’s disease; the brain changes caused by Parkinson’s disease begin in a region that plays a key role in movement. As the brain changes, the disease will begin to affect mental functions, including memory and the ability to pay attention, make sound judgements and plan steps needed to complete a task. Parkinson’s disease is a fairly common neurological disorder in older adults, estimated to affect nearly 2% of those over 65. Huntington’s disease; this disease is a progressive brain disorder caused by a single defective gene on chromosome 4. Symptoms of the disease include abnormal involuntary movements, a severe decline in thinking and reasoning skills, irritability, depression and mood changes.
Rachel Pearson Unit 13: Understanding the Process and Experience of Dementia Unit Code: DEM 301 Unit reference number: J/601/3538 Section 1 - Understand the neurology of dementia 1.1 Describe a range of causes of dementia syndrome? Dementia syndrome is a group of signs and symptoms, in which cause damage to cells in the brain. The most common causes are neurodegenerative diseases; this includes Alzheimer’s, Vascular, and Frontotemporal, lewy bodied, Creutzfeldt - Jakob disease (CJD) and Huntington disease. With these diseases the brain cells degenerate and die more quickly than the normal ageing process. This leads to the decline of a person’s mental health and sometimes physical abilities.
3.4 4.1 Individuals living with dementia may experience loss of hearing, which can make things difficult for communication and experience feeling frustrated with others causing misunderstanding of commands. If the level of dementia causes the individual disability then they would need things around the home
The cells eventually die and this means that information cannot be recalled or assimilated. As Alzheimer’s disease progressively affects different areas of the brain, certain functions or abilities are lost. Vascular dementia Vascular dementia is the broad term for dementia associated with problems of circulation of blood to the brain. It is the second most common form of dementia. There are a number of different types of vascular dementia.
Alzheimer’s disease- Alzheimer’s disease is caused by the build-up of proteins in the brain which form into “plagues and tangles”, these in turn will cause a loss of connection between nerve cells and cause cell death and loss of brain tissue. Early symptoms of Alzheimer’s can be lapses in memory, problems with language (forgetting words or their meanings) and poor visuospatial skill’s (gaging distance, ability to see in 3D). People can also suffer from depression or anxiety, they could become withdrawn and lose interest in daily activities or hobbies or have poor initiation. As the disease progresses sufferers can develop more pronounced memory problems and lose a sense of time and place, they may forget where they are or have difficulties recognising their own family. Vascular dementia- Vascular dementia is caused by the flow of blood and oxygen to the brain being interrupted causing the death of brains cells, this is called an infarct.
Health & Social Care Level 2 Unit 4222-237 Outcome 1 1 – There are different types of dementia and tend to affect people differently, especially in the early stages. A person with dementia will have cognitive symptoms (problems with thinking or memory). They will often have problems with some of the following: Day to day memory, difficulty recalling events that happened recently, concentrating, planning or organizing, difficulties making decisions, carrying out tasks eg cooking a meal, dressing. Difficulties following conversations, or finding the right words to use, problems judging distances or focusing on objects, losing track of days and time, becoming confused about where they are. As well as these cognitive symptoms, a person with dementia will often have changes in their mood.
These include Alzheimer’s, Vascular, Fronto-Temporal and Dementia with Lewy Bodies. Alzheimer’s is the most common form of Dementia and can lead to changes in the brains structure ad death of nerve cells. This disrupts the brains usual activity and capacity. With Alzheimer’s there is a shortage of chemicals within the brain and these lead to the symptoms of memory loss, difficulty walking, repeating themselves, poor judgement, losing interest and finding it hard to adapt to change. In the middle stages of Alzheimer’s individuals will need more support to help them eat, wash, dress and use the toilet.
DEMENTIA AWARENESS OUTCOME 1. UNDERSTAND WHAT DEMENTIA IS: 1. The word Dementia is an umbrella word for several symptoms that occur when the brain is affected by different conditions and diseases. Dementia is a chronic progressive disease that stops the cognitive parts of the brain from working. Causing depending on the severity of the condition minor to major memory loss.
This can be caused by a stroke or hardening or thickening of the artery walls which impedes the flow of blood. The vascular system can also be damaged by heart disease, high blood pressure, high cholesterol and diabetes. The brain cells eventually die and this leads to the onset of vascular dementia. If these conditions are treated early enough the onset of dementia may be delayed or even halted. There are different types of vascular dementia and they are dependent on which part of the brain has been damaged and how the damage was caused, as different parts of the brain control different functions of the mind and body.
Unit 4223-316; Understand the process and experience of dementia. Outcome 1 1) A range of causes of dementia syndrome are; •Alzheimer's Disease •Most Common •Nerve cells dying in certain areas of the brain •Vascular Dementia •One or more major strokes or lots of small strokes •Deprivation of oxygenated blood •Fronto-temporal dementia •Changes in personality •Affects younger people, particularly men and very rare. 2)The types of memory impairment commonly experience by individuals with dementia are; •Difficulty remembering things that happened a short while ago but the same person may remember things that happened many years ago •Loss of basic skills, cleaning washing shopping •Forgetting where they live •Becoming unaware of their surroundings •An inability to have and show empathy •Forgetting their disabilities 3)How the brain works is that the left side of the brain analyses information collected from the right side and it enable you to expand on what you see, you are then able to say ‘I know that dog, it belongs to my neighbour’. Whereas the right side is responsible for putting information together. For example: If you see a dog the information comes from your eyes to the right side of your brain.