The Mole Concept and the Chemical Formula of a Hydrate

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9/17/2011 Experiment 1: The Mole Concept and the Chemical Formula of a Hydrate Purpose: The purpose of this lab is to learn about the concept of the mole by converting mass measurements, calculating the number of moles in a substance, and calculating the number of moles of water released by a hydrate. With these calculations, one is able to determine the empirical formula of a hydrate from the formula of an anhydrous compound. Procedure: After reading the lab, I went to the store and gathered the materials that were required but not supplied by the lab pack. After I returned, I put on my safety glasses and laid out all the materials that were going to be used in the lab. I realized that the lab did not include 2 aluminum cups used for the experiments so I decided to make them out of aluminum foil. I then measured the mass of one of the aluminum cups and recorded the data in the data sheet. I then added 2.0 grams of alum crystals into the aluminum cup and recorded the combined mass on the data sheet. I then set up the burner stand and burner fuel and prepared to heat the alum in the aluminum cup. I lit the burner fuel, placed it under the burner stand, and placed the aluminum cup containing the alum crystals on the burner stand. I then removed and reapplied the burner fuel under the stand to avoid heating the crystals too quickly and splattering. Once the alum crystals started to boil, I then left the burner fuel under the stand and waited and watched for 8 minutes. I then removed the burner fuel, allowed the alum and aluminum cup to cool, and then weighed the mass and recorded the findings in the data table. I repeated the heating and measuring process 2 more times recording the masses in the data table. I then calculated the mass of the alum by subtracting the final mass of the cup and the alum from the mass of the cup. I then calculated the mass of the water

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