The Labor Market and Unemployment Issues

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THE LABOR MARKET AND UNEMPLOYMENT ISSUES INTRODUCTION TO THE LABOR MARKET THREE BASIC ECONOMIC PROBLEMS 1. What goods and/or services to produce? 2. How will these goods/services be produced? 3. For whom are these goods/services? ELEMENTS OF PRODUCTION 1. INPUTS – what we need to produce goods/services A. Raw materials B. Capital resources (land, building, equipments) C. Financial resources (investments) D. HUMAN RESOURCES 2. PROCESS – transforming inputs to outputs 3. OUTPUTS – final outcome of production LABOR-essential element of the inputs of production DEFINITION OF TERMS. 1. LABOR – work, task, physical or mental exertion; all wage-earning workers; the process of childbirth. (Source: Webster New English Dictionary, 2007 Edition, Geddes & Grossett) 2. WORKER – any member of the labor force, whether employed or unemployed. (Source: Art. 13, Chapter 1, Title 1. Labor Code of the Philippines) 3. LABOR FORCE – in Economic terms, refers to the group of people in an economy who are 16 years old and older who are either employed. (Source: Samuelson et al., Economics, 2005 International Edition, McGraw-Hill, p. 651) Labor Market Factor - market in which individuals supply labor services for wages to other individuals and to business companies that need or demand labor services. Incentive effect * how much a person will change his/her hours worked in response to a change in the wage rate. * the higher the wage, the higher the number of labor supplied. Labor as a Factor of Production Two factors: * Labor * Entrepreneurship * Entrepreneurship is labor services that necessitate high decrees of organizational skills, creativity, oversights responsibility and concern. Technology and Demand for Labor Luddite Reasoning * “technology makes it practicable to replace workers with

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