When the shells are full, the atom is unreactive. 3. How the numbers of the different sub-atomic particles determine the properties of the atom and the position of the element of the periodic table. The main nucleus of an atom is made of protons and neutrons. These added together make the relative atomic mass.
Cosmic Strings: To know the exact physical situation at early stages of the formation of our universe is still challenging subject of study. At the very early stages of evolution of the universe, it is generally assumed that during phase transition (as the universe passes through its critical temperature) the symmetry of the universe is broken spontaneously. It can give rise to topologically stable defects such as strings, domain walls and monopoles. The study of string theory has received considerable attention in cosmology. Cosmic strings are important in the early stages of evolution of the universe before particle creation.
Because its density is so high, neutrons spin in the same way that electrons do so must obey the Pauli Exclusion Principle. 6. A pulsar does not pulse, it emits beams of radiation that sweep around the sky as the neutron star rotates, and astronomers detect pulses when they sweep over the Earth. 11. Sometimes in binary systems, mass flows into a hot accretion disk around the neutron star and causes the emission of x rays.
How is this nano? A material can act differently when it’s nanometer-sized. (A nanometer is a billionth of a meter.) On the nanoscale, magnetite is paramagnetic, meaning that it’s magnetic only in the presence of a magnet. But on the macroscale, magnetite is permanently magnetic.
Nuclear fission: Nuclear fission is the process in which a large nucleus breaks into two smaller nuclei that are almost equal in mass. Energy is released during nuclear fission. The earliest nuclear fission was carried out by Cockcroft and Walton, who used fast protons from a linear particle accelerator to bombard lithium nuclei. The energy released is equal to the difference in the binding energy of the products and the binding energy of the nucleus before fission. The energy released is in the form of increased kinetic energy of the product particles and any radiation emitted.
Force Fields Summary Response In Michio Kaku’s article “Force Fields”, he explains how a force field can deflect laser beams. Throughout out his article Kaku shows that future science might be able to provide the same technology as science fiction TV shows such as Star Trek because he believes that science would overcome issues of limited technology. In order for force field function correctly he suggests that there has to have three layers. The outer layer is high temperature plasma created by supercharged plasma window. The middle layer is a group of laser beams.
Although some subatomic particles have a greater mass than some atoms. Subatomic particles are made of quarks such as a proton which is made of two up quarks and one down quark. The atom is a basic unit of matter that consists of a dense nucleus surrounded by negatively charged electrons. The atomic nucleus contains a mix of positively charged protons and electrically neutral neutrons. The electrons of an atom are bound to the nucleus by the electromagnetic force.
on it?" or "it's beyond me why you would want to by a 20 yearold car!" Cars are made of interchangeable parts, that can be replaced with reconditioned or new parts. If I can by a 1997 toyota corolla that runs fine with 120k mi, cold ac, timing belt already changed, new water pump and good tires for $2300 cash, why not? Throw another 2k on replacing all the shocks, front end parts (ball joints, cv axles,), new brake rotors and wheel bearings all around, and the car will be riding like it came off the show room floor... From this point on, a good tune up and regular oil changes can have the Corolla riding trouble free for a good 4 or maybe five years without any major work needing to be done.
With the exception of gravity, electromagnetic phenomena as described by quantum electrodynamics account for almost all physical phenomena observable to the human senses, including light and other electromagnetic radiation, all of chemistry, most of mechanics (excepting gravitation), and, of course, magnetism and electricity. Electromagnetic fields are time varying fields containing both electric fields and magnetic that feed upon each other even in a vacuum. A vacuum is defined as a void of medium. These field lines actually detatch themselves from the source and can exist on
If string theory is to be a theory of quantum gravity, then the average size of a string should be somewhere near the length scale of quantum gravity, called the Planck length, which is about 10-33 centimeters, or about a millionth of a billionth of a billionth of a billionth of a centimeter. Unfortunately, this means that strings are way too small to see by current or expected particle physics technology (or financing!!) and so string theorists must devise more clever methods to test the theory than just looking for little strings in particle experiments. String theories are classified according to whether or not the strings are required to be closed loops, and whether or not the particle spectrum includes fermions. In order to include fermions in string theory, there must be a special kind of symmetry called supersymmetry, which means for every boson (particle that transmits a force) there is a corresponding fermion (particle that