THE SIMULATED HUMAN DIVING RESPONSE Name: University: Course: Professor: State, City: Date: Abstract In human beings, diving response is characterized by holding of breath leading to decrease in heart rate also known as bradycardia, decrease in blood flow to body limbs and increase of blood pressure in arteries. Decreased heart rate is a result of an increase in parasympathetic stimulation of the hearts pacemaker. Reduction of blood flow to the body limbs results from an increase of activity of arteries sympathetic nerves leading to lower blood supply (Bove and Davis, 2004, p. 91). Diving response by the body can be triggered by holding of breath, immersing the face in chilling water and placing freezing gel packs on the face. Arterial blood oxygen tension, emotional factors and water temperature can modify diving response in humans.
Because of M.M.’s increased Kussmaul respirations he is unable to fully express carbon dioxide from his lungs causing the carbon dioxide concentration of the blood to increase and the pH to decrease causing acidosis. The physician will likely order a ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) lung scan and a continuous heparin
Without this bladder, the fish would have to constantly swim in order to not sink to the bottom. The ability to stay still in the water allows the fish to save energy with constant movement. Underwater Breathing Just as humans need oxygen to survive, fish do as well. However, water contains only 2% of the oxygen of air. This would make it much more difficult to
The extra fluids build up in the legs, lungs, liver and around the eyes. This condition is known as congestive heart failure (CHF). Cardiomyopathy is an acquired or inherited condition of the heart muscles. The heart muscles become thicker or enlarged thus decreasing the ability of the heart to pump enough blood through the body (American Heart Association, 2013). In this paper the writer describes the best approach to care for Mr. P, who is hospitalized with
Stroke Awareness Health Assessment The self-risk assessment I chose to complete was about strokes. A stroke occurs when blood supply to the brain is temporarily interrupted or disturbed. Being that the brain requires a constant flow of oxygen any interruptions could prove to be fatal. The two types of strokes are Ischemic or hemorrhagic. An ischemic stroke is typically caused by excess buildup of plague on the blood vessel walls that narrows blood flow dramatically.
Natural stream purification processes require adequate oxygen levels in order to provide for aerobic life forms. (Oxygen Saturation) As dissolved oxygen levels decrease, the aquatic life is put under stress. The lower the concentration is, the greater the stress. Oxygen levels below certain levels can result in large fish kills. Dissolved oxygen is absolutely essential for the survival of all aquatic organisms, and thus these two variables have a definite relationship with another.
Read more about the symptoms of pressure ulcers. How pressure ulcers develop Pressure ulcers can develop when a large amount of pressure is applied to an area of skin over a short period of time. They can also occur when less pressure is applied over a longer period of time. The extra pressure disrupts the flow of blood through the skin. Without a blood supply, the affected skin becomes starved of oxygen and nutrients and begins to break down, leading to an ulcer forming.
The cardiovascular systems causes accumulation of fatty material in the heart muscle and arteries, and can contribute to high blood pressure. The respiratory system causes the lungs to have lower capacity for inhaling and exhaling air as the muscles that help to expand and contract the chest weakens. The digestive system weakens due to dietary practices and the aging process causing common problems like constipation. The genitourinary system causes urinary incontinence due to the decrease in the blood flow through kidney, and decreased efficiency to remove wastes from the blood as they age. The central nervous systems slower down the reaction time in elderly, and affects the perception and memory of elderly.
Predators, such as fish and reptiles, will tend to prey on a corpse in water and this will accelerate decomposition. The body may also knock against objects in the water such as boats, piers, and rocks, and this may cause postmortem injury. Drowning occurs when water enters the airways and blocks off the supply of oxygen to the body. When this happens, the person will struggle to breathe and will cough, which unfortunately sets off a reflex action that only draws more water into the lungs. The person will generally
There are two types of white blood cells which are lymphocytes and phagocytes. When a person is under a condition of negative stress, his/her immune system’s ability to fight off antigens would reduce which results him/her more susceptible to infections. For example, my appetite tends to decrease before the exam period due to my stress on understanding every topic. With the decreasing of my appetite, it leads to poor nutrition and lack of nutritional energy which is used to support immune functioning and the function of the entire body. Therefore, stress weakens my immune system.