The extra fluids build up in the legs, lungs, liver and around the eyes. This condition is known as congestive heart failure (CHF). Cardiomyopathy is an acquired or inherited condition of the heart muscles. The heart muscles become thicker or enlarged thus decreasing the ability of the heart to pump enough blood through the body (American Heart Association, 2013). In this paper the writer describes the best approach to care for Mr. P, who is hospitalized with
Cirrhosis- Chronic, progressive disease that causes the formation of fibrous connective tissue that distorts the liver's normal lobular structure. These irregular lobular shapes results in an impeded blood flow (portal hypertension), poor cellular nutrition, and hypoxia (scar tissue doesn't allow for "normal" gas exchange). •Cirrhosis- As evident by decreased ALT, AST, positive wave test, and decrease in platelets. Increased ICP: Cerebral edema (volume increase of brain tissue, blood or CSF) caused by injury, stroke, hemorrhage tumor or CSF leakage. •Increased ICP- As evident by Cushing's Triad, non-reactive/sluggish pupils,and the patient's fall.
4. Blood cultures, antibiotics, and rapid IV infusion IV fluids with MVI, thiamine, monitoring for signs of withdrawal, antipyretics When intracellular demand for oxygen exceeds the supply in the septic patient, the RN would expect to find: 1. 2. 3. 4.
Cardiac case study Case Study #2 Professor: Methavichit Sandra Martin 10/01/2013 Case Study Questions: Myocardial Infarction 1. What is the significance of an elevated ST segment inversion on an EKG and the PVCs the nurse sees on the monitor? It is Hypoxic Injury. Rapid discharges that record on the monitor as back-to-back PVCs tells us that his heart is getting ischemia. Usually requires more aggressive treatment such as reperfusion therapy.
Reddens skin and increases risk of skin cancer later in life. c. Electrolytes- electrically conductive substance containing free ions d. Glucose- Sugar used by cells in the body for energy e. Melanin- Pigment in the skin associated with coloration. 2. He lost approximately 10% of his total water volume. He would see a decrease in urinary output as his kidneys worked to maintain volume in the body.
Extra glucose cannot be used because of insulin deficiency and and blood glucose level rises, which contributes to further, adding to the osmotic diuresis. 4. What acid-based disturbances commonly occur and why? Arterial blood pH less than 7.30, serum bicarbonate level less than 15 mEq/L (15 mmol/L), and moderate-large ketones in the urine or blood ketones. 5.
coronary heart disease Coronary heart disease is when our hearts blood supply is blocked by a build-up of fatty substances in the arteries. Over a period of time our arteries can become blocked by fats. Our arteries will then become narrow causing the amount of blood flow to our heart to be restricted. This can result in angina (chest pains). However if he arteries become completely blocked it can cause a heart attack.
Emphysema affects the maximal volume of air that can be exhaled. It also increases their RV (residual volume) and FRC ( Functional Residual Capacity) 6. If a person is receiving supplemental oxygen to restore blood oxygen levels, why might it be better to administer a combination of oxygen and carbon dioxide rather than pure oxygen? If you provide a combo of both, your body has to work harder to maintain the oxygen level because you are putting in both O2 and CO2. Your body will get rid of CO2.
The first factor when diagnosing Don with emphysema would be the shortness of breath. A person with emphysema normally experiences episodes of decreased airflow. This is due to the over-inflated alveoli that are not exchanging gases when a person breathes, due to little or no movement of gases out of the alveoli. The increased BP and respiratory rate show in the test that Dr. Murphy ordered show that Don has two big symptoms that could conclude he has emphysema. With this knowledge Dr. Murphy could easily notice that Don had underlying emphysema.
CARDIAC Catheterization * Insertion of a catheter into the heart and surrounding vessels * Determines the structure and performance of the heart valves and surrounding vessels * Used to diagnose CAD, assess coronary patency, and determine the extent of atherosclerosis. * Pretest: Ensure Consent, assess for allergy to seafood and iodine, NPO, document weight and height, baseline VS, blood tests and document the peripheral pulses * Fast for 8-12 hrs, health teaching, medications to allay anxiety. * Intra-test: inform patient of a fluttery feeling as the catheter passes through the heart; inform the patient that a feeling of warmth and metallic taste may occur when dye is administered * Post-test: Monitor VS and cardiac rhythm * Monitor peripheral pulses, color and warmth and sensation of the extremity distal to insertion