10). He greatly influenced the first (Charlingian) Renaissance which promoted art and education. The Christian Emperor “sponsored a revival of learning and literacy” (pg 10); he also (for the time) modernized the Roman script into what is known as minuscule. How did Viking invasions affect early medieval life in Western Europe? (think cause and effect) -The Normans brought Feudalism and Fealty into Western Europe, they contributed to the basis for tax collection.
Although Henry did eventually get his Heir to crown it didn’t happen till’ Edward VI in 1537. This means that Henry’s biggest and most important aim was technically a failure during the early years of his reign. Another important goal that Henry VIII wanted to achieve in the early years of his Reign was to bring Honour and Glory to England and for him to be known as a true English warrior to the rest of Europe. Henry did somewhat achieve this goal with his wars with France and Scotland. The battle of the Spurs (1513) and the Battle of Flodden (1513), although to some considered small skirmishes, did make the countries of Europe start to notice England as a possible threat and certainly now knew about Henry VIII.
One of the most famous dates in history, 1066, is the year William the Conqueror invaded and conquered England at the Battle of Hastings. In 1066 The Year of the Conquest, by David Howarth, Howarth draws from a plethora of contemporary sources that provide details of major leaders and their possible motivations for the conquest of 1066. Some historians say the successful Norman conquest of England was a highly probable outcome, while others, like Howarth, argue it was a fluke. A fluke can be defined as good luck, or a stroke of luck. Based on Howarth’s 1066 The Year of the Conquest, and a number of other primary and secondary sources, there were many possible causes for William the Conqueror’s invasion of England which all suggest the outcome of 1066 to be a fluke.
Thus was established feudalism in France. Over time, some of the king's vassals would grow so powerful that they often posed a threat to the king. For example, after the Battle of Hastings in 1066, the Duke of Normandy added "King of England" to his titles, becoming both the vassal to (as Duke of Normandy) and the equal of (as king of England) the king of France. Kingdom of France (843–1791) Main articles: Kingdom of France, Capetian dynasty, Valois dynasty, and Bourbon
Napoleon Bonaparte improved culture in France setting the foundation for change in Europe, creating Frances first structured set of laws, allowing freedom of religion in his empire, and finally breaking the boundary that divided the social classes. Le Code Napoleon brought revolutionary ideas to France and all of Europe. It brought rules and discipline to France: “The Code Napoleon is the French civil code… established under Napoleon 1 in 1804…” The Code gave post-revolutionary France its first coherent set of laws concerning property, colonial affairs, the family, and individual rights. It was the first modern legal code to be adopted with a pan-European scope. Strongly influencing the laws of many countries formed during and after the Napoleonic Wars.
As the Native people of the Subarctic Shield Archaic followed suit, Pre-Dorset peoples occupied the abandon interior land. However, by 800 B.C., all evidence of them disappears. The story of Arctic Small Tool tradition in Manitoba, represented by the Pre-Dorset occupation, is significant in that the sites represent the most southerly occupation of this culture. Giddings (1953) first identified it in northern Manitoba. The Thyazzi Site on the North Knife River was later tested by Nash in 1965 and assigned to an early to mid-Pre-Dorset occupation on the basis of the lithic assemblage (Nash 1969:48).
To what extent was the changing role of the vice regent the most important change in English government in the period of 1066-1154? Throughout the Anglo-Norman period, from 1066-1154, there were many changes to the government of England, such as the growing role of the vice-regents, the increasing power of the sheriffs at the expense of the Earls, and the growing centralisation of government. The introduction of vice-regent type figures were as a consequence of continental possessions, which led to the King being away from the country for long periods during times of war in Northern France. Whilst under William II, who was the exception to the rule in that he possessed no lands in France, had very little interest in administering the Kingdom and so as a result delegated the task to Ranulf Flambard. Whilst Flambard’s role was very much to increase Crown revenues, in preparation of an invasion of Normandy, under Henry I the role was built upon.
Although Mercantilism largely served its purpose to enrich the parent country, during the 17th century this policy operated by England rather influenced its 13 colonies both negatively and positively, paving the way for resentment and Adam smith’s capitalistic society to present day. According to mercantilist doctrine, a nation should exercise full control of trade and production leading to a much more garnished and self sufficient economic system. In order to display full direct authority on its assets, English government put forth the acts of Trade and Navigation—that is in other words implying full control on imports/exports and certain goods that were only allowed to be exported to England itself. Although positive economic results would be seen through the perspective of England, these results would be overshadowed by more influential affects on the 13 colonies, politically and economically. Economically, England would directly govern its colonies via the Navigation Acts establishing three major rules.
Diamond summarizes his answer to Yali’s question essentially attributing the environment for the success of the Europeans and discredits racial superiority of any sort. Although other factors contributed to the rise of the European civilization, the environment was the main factor. Some specific factors falling under environment that affected the European civilization are geography, food production, diffusion and population. Diamond explains the importance of writing in the European society. Literacy allowed them to conquer foreign lands easily because through writing, they could now have maps, sailing directions, and descriptive reports of previous sailors which would improve their experience.
HOW DID WILLIAM GAIN CONTROL OF ENGLAAND BY 1086? William, Duke of Normandy and King of England, needed to gain control of England after a big victory when the Normans defeated the English in 1066. Some of the short-term problems were the fact that Dover castle was full of English soldiers, London was under the control of the English troops and there was also a threat of invasion in the north by Vikings with English support. William overcame these problems quickly and with ease. However there were still some long-term problems.