Test and Solution Key on Ricardian Model

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Ricardian Model Problem 1 You are given the information shown in the table about the production relationship between Wonderland and the rest of the world and use the standard Ricardian assumptions: Labor Hours per Bottle of Wine Labor Hours per Pound of Cheese Wonderland 10 5 Rest of the World 6 2 Wonderland has 40 million labor hours in total and the rest of the world has 30 million labor hours in total per year. a. Which country has absolute advantage in wine? In cheese? b. Which country has comparative advantage in wine? In cheese? c. Graph each country’s PPF. Use indifference curve to show the no-trade equilibrium (label as point A) for each country. (Suppose Wonderland consumes 4 million pounds of cheese and the rest of the world consumes 6 pounds of cheese). d. When trade is opened between Wonderland and the rest of the world, what the pattern of trade is? If the world price ratio is 0.4 bottle of wine per pound of cheese (Be careful this is not Pw/Pc but Pc/Pw), what happens to production in each country? (Label the new production point in each country as point P) e. Suppose that 2 million bottles of wine and 5 million pounds of cheese are traded. Show the consumption of each good in each country graphically using indifference curve (label the consumption point C)? Labor Requirement Opportunity Costs Labor Endowment aLW aLC PW/PC PC/PW Wonderland 10 5 2 1/2 40m ROW 6 2 3 1/3 30m a. ROW has absolute advantage on producing both wine and cheese because its labor requirements are lower. b. Comparative advantage means lower opportunity costs. Therefore, wonderland has comparative advantage in producing wine and ROW has comparative advantage in producing cheese. c. Wonderland: 10QW + 5QC = 40; ROW: 6 QW + 2QC = 30 d. e. When the world price ratio is .4 bottle wine per pound of cheese, PC/PW = .4 and

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