Adrenal Cortex 4. Adrenal Gland 5. Thyroid Gland 6. Adrenal Cortex 7. Adrenal Medulla 8.
____________________________________________________________ ______________________________________ It forms a central wedge that articulates 9. Why can the sphenoid bone be called the keystone of the cranial floor? _________________________________________ with all other cranial bones. ____________________________________________________________ ______________________________________ The Vertebral Column 10. The distinguishing characteristics of the vertebrae composing the vertebral column are noted below.
P2 Outline the Main Tissues Of The Body Epithelial Epithelial tissue is basically the linings of both the internal and external surfaces of the body and can be divided into two groups. The groups depend upon the number of layers of which it is composed. These two groups are simple epithelial and compound. Simple squamous are thin, flat plates and their main function is osmosis (which is the passage of water molecules from a region of low concentration to one of high concentration through a semi-permeable membrane) and diffusion (which is the passage of molecules from a high concentration to a low concentration). They form the lining of cavities such as the mouth, blood capillaries, heart and lung alveoli and make up the outer layers of the skin.
Shubin shows how fin structures of fish like Tiktaalik mark the beginning of the evolution into the mammalian paw and opposable thumb structures in the hands of today’s primates. The significance behind Tiktaalik is how it proved to be the missing link which greatly shows the transition from fish who swim, to four-legged vertebrates. Neil also states that all creatures in the world are built similarly to one another. Creatures such as whales, birds, and humans have single arm bones that each lead to two others, that connect to fingers or our toes. In us humans, this shows up in the humorous, and they go through the radius and ulna into our wrist bones and fingers.
It is the most primitive, and it includes true lemurs, galagos and lorises. This group of primates rely commonly on an ancestral trait known as olfaction, sense of smell. There ability to smell comes from a moist, fleshy pad, or rhinarium at the end of their nose along with a long snout. Uncommon in other primates, prosimians routinely mark their territory with scent (jurmain,208). A grooming claw on the second digit of their feet , and a dental tooth comb formed by forward projecting lower incisors and canies are some of their distinctive characteristics.
Summary of “Why Evolution is true” By: Jerry A. Coyne What is evolution; chapter I explains Darwin’s theory of evolution, which applies to all species, new species are descended from earlier forms. This means that organisms with similar characteristics are likely to have shared a common ancestor sometime in the past. The more traits shared by organisms, the closer their evolutionary relationship. This principle of “common descent” explains why anthropologists are interested in studying nonhuman animals, particularly primates (the mammalian order that includes monkeys, apes, and humans), with whom humans share the closest common ancestor. Some of our important human characteristics, such as a spinal cord encased in a bony vertebral column, and the concentration of nerve cells in a brain, are part of our vertebrate heritage, established in a common ancestor over 600 million years ago.
Introduction: Daphina are planktonic crustaceans that belong to the class Phyllopoda(Branchiopoda) to which flattened leaf-legs used in producing a water vcurrent for their filtering apparatus. In the brachiopods, Daphnia belong to the order Cladocera whose bodies are encloosed by carapace, which is made up of chitin and polysaccharide. The carpace forms double wall separates hemolymph anda part of body cavity.Animals which belong to the order Cladocera, have up to 10 pairs of appendages, which include antennules, antennae maxillae, madibles, five or six limbs, which also form an apparatus for both feeding and respiration(this apparatus is used to filter food particles even bacteria. So, they are filter feeders) and a pair of claws. In Cladocera,
Fossils show that a group of organisms, such as marine mammals, have changed over time to adapt to different environments. 5. The environment will not select for or against organisms that have a particular structure unless that structure affects the organisms’ fitness. STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONS a, youngest fossil; b, mammal fossils; c, first dinosaurs; d, first land plants; e, trilobites; f, oldest fossil Section 15-3 VOCABULARY REVIEW 1. the evolution of Caribbean anole lizards 2. Examples may include different breeds of dogs, cats, cattle, or food
The discovery of the sea urchins’ genetics might open up a new era or medications and treatments. Scientist need to focus on finding the DNA map to solve the cure for cancer and the other diseases. In this article I learned that sea urchins are one of the few invertebrates that share thousands of te same genes as humans. I also learned that sea urchins have 7,000 of the same gens humans have. Sea urchins and humans share more than 7,000 genes, and biologists are now using these sea creatures to unlock the mysteries of human diseases.
Oligodendrocytes 5. Microglia 6. Ependymal 7. Oligodendrocytes 8. Schwann cells 9.