Hard flood defences on the Mississippi The dams in the Mississippi river are a hard flood defence. There are two different types of dams on the Mississippi River, wing dams and closing dams. Wing dams are built close together with brush and stone structures that extend from the river bank to the channel and closing dams are used to block connections between the main channel and side channels of the floodplains. The advantages of building dams on the Mississippi are that they enhance the electricity generating capacity for the surrounding regions and the river won’t dry up but just waits for more water to arrive. The disadvantage of building dams on the Mississippi is that it could cause flooding if there are too great amounts of water.
This results in a lower velocity and less discharge of the river Yangtze which therefore leads to a reduction in flooding. The dam is an appropriate strategy for China in a sense of cost and maintenance. As China is a fast growing MEDC and an ever expanding economy the strategy of a dam can be supported here because there is enough money to pay for the cost and the high maintenance of the dam which ensures that the dam can stop the rick of flooding along the Yangtze River. If you were to put this strategy in an LEDC such as Bangladesh for example, because Bangladesh’s economy is not very good they would not be able to cover cost and maintenance which as a result the dam could not efficiently provide the objective for what it has been put there to do.
This is because there will still be a lot nutrients and soil left behind from the previous ecosystem. Therefore less ammonification and nitrification will be needed as the soil will already be suitable for more complex plant species. Natural succession can therefore be altered by both nature and human intervention, take stud land bay psammosere ecosystem for example that is deliberately cut back so that you can
Physical factors are natural things such as mountains and rock type that also affect how some things work, again in this case the rivers discharge. Some would argue that physical factors are more important than human factors when affecting a rivers discharge. An example of a physical factor that affects a rivers discharge is the rock type surrounding the river. If a river has impermeable rock type surround it, water will not be able to percolate, this will mean that the water will run as surface run-off and as this is the fastest way of travelling, the water will reach the river quicker, increasing the rivers discharge. However, if the rocks surrounding the river is permeable then the water will be able to percolate and it will travel slower, as groundwater-flow to the river, which will reduce the rivers discharge.
The reduction in the network miles will improve fuel efficiency and reduce the carbon footprint. Packaging which should be part of the consolidation has an impact on wasted transportation capacity too. Using larger packages filled transportation equipment, warehouse space, and retailer selves more quickly than necessary. The net result will be a lot of “air” and wasted space. George and Jeff can reduce this waste by using smaller packages which will improve capacity utilization in transport equipment, warehouses, and retail stores.
Another downfall is if something happens to the tractor, I would be responsible for the damages. The smaller tractor will be more efficient, but it will take a longer time to plow the acres with it. In this situation, I would go with the smaller tractor for a long-term investment. Step-5 Implement the Decision Purchase a cheaper brand of tractor and be ready for longer work days. Step-6 Monitor the Results Compared to the larger tractor, the smaller tractor finished the work more effienctily and about the same time as the larger tractor.
The R squared value of our results graph essentially equals 0, showing that there is no correlation between the two variables. This may be due to a variety of reasons: - Upstream, there is a narrower valley meaning higher wetted perimeter and more contact with the bed. This causes higher friction so velocity naturally gets reduced. - Load particle size and channel bed roughness is higher upstream, which might lead to increased friction and will slow down the water as it collides into rocks, pebbles and boulders more frequently. - The discharge upstream is also much lower due to the narrow
Rainforest in reality have shallow and relatively infertile soil. The reasons behind this soil having these qualities is because heavy rainfall causes important nutrients needed for a fertile environment to be washes away and/or dissolved into the lower layer of the soil (leaching) thus leaving the forest floor infertile. Once leaching has occurred and removed these nutrients, trees become unable to access fertile soil and remain healthy. Many rainforest trees have developed adaptations which allow them to reach down into the lower levels of soil and receive these nutrients. Such adaptation is known as a “Buttress Roots”.
When acid rain falls, it sometimes raises the levels of acids in certain soils, removing nutrients from the soil that helps plants grow. Because the nutrients are removed from the soil, it makes it hard for plants and trees to resist diseases, insect infestation and bad weather. Acid rain also raises the acidity of steams, rivers, and lakes, which can harm and sometimes kill life in the water. The acids in acid rain also react with the CaCO3 in marble and limestone, which can cause damage to statues and buildings. Lakes with limestone beds are less affected by acid rain because the limestone reacts with the acids in acid rain.
Wetland Restoration Wetlands are a key part of many ecosystems that benefit the environment in several ways. Sometimes referred to as “the kidneys of the landscape” wetlands act as a filter. They can filter out naturally occurring sediment as well as contaminants like fertilizer runoff or chemical spills. Wetlands also replace groundwater and in times of flooding can take on additional water to prevent flood damages. Wetlands are not only beneficial for water filtering and flooding; they also provide a unique ecosystem that many species rely on for survival.