His report on The Sanitary Condition of the Labouring Population (1842) was researched and published at his own expense. A supplementary report was published in 1843. The formation of The Health of Towns association and creation of various city-based branches followed rapidly. These national and local movements contributed to the passing of the 1848 Public Health Act. Chadwick’s second contribution was that he believed disease was caused by miasma from rubbish and sewers.
What are the consequences? 9. Describe the scope of public health ambulatory services in the U.S. 10. Discuss the gate-keeping role of primary care 11. Which main factor was responsible for transforming almshouses into hospitals in which medical services became available?
Running Head: HOSPITAL AQUIRED INFECTION Methicillin- Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Kristin Charest Submitted to Ann Walsh in partial fulfillment of Trends II AVRTS PN Program May 29, 2008 Methicillin- Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Hospital Acquired Infections (HAI’s) currently have a major impact on healthcare today. The startling numbers constitute an endemic if not an epidemic. Is enough being done to protect patient’s as well health care workers, visitors and the community as a whole? They increase healthcare costs as well as morbidity and mortality rates. One of the more prevalent is methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
* All of the above mentioned legislations are crucial part of health and safety. Every piece of legislation describes not only clear guidance of responsibilities but also how should we maintain health and safety to eliminate risks for the people using social care settings. Let alone, Food hygiene regulation 2005, which explains the responsibilities, involves handling food safely in order to avoid contamination and food poisoning. Environmental protection act 1990 which describes the responsibilities involves handling clinical wastes in order to prevent harm to the environment. Control of exposure to hazardous to health act 1999 explains the responsibilities involve handling hazardous substances such as reduce using hazardous substances or using less hazardous substances and reducing exposure level as much as possible.
Reporting of Injury, Disease and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations (RIDDOR) is relevant as it requires that any infection or disease that is work Related be recorded and reported. There are regulatory bodies such as the Health and Safety Executive (HSE), National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) and the Food Standards Agency (FSA) that produce standards to guide and inform infection prevention and control practices. The HSE is an independent regulator for work-related health, safety and illness; provide information and advice to reduce risks of accidents occurring in the workplace including the spread of
| |1950 |Federal responsibility for the sick and poor is established. Many medications were | | |available during the period which included the treatment of infections, glaucoma, and | | |arthritis. New vaccines were also available to help in the prevention of childhood | | |diseases such as polio. | |1960 |President Lyndon Johnson signed the Social Security Act, which established both | | |Medicare and Medicaid. Then Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), is | | |responsible for the coordination of Medicare and Medicaid in the United States.
Later on, concerns about individual health and cleanliness to prevent disease encouraged the development of the Health care and welfare services. The following essay will show how the number of reforms that took place during this time not only transformed Public Health throughout the 19th Century, but also set down the framework for future reform and laid down the foundation of what Public Health is today. From 1801 to 1901, the number of people living in the cities increased 78%. (Halliday, 2007, p 19) The modernisation of agriculture and industry caused a growing prosperity and this attracted migrations of people to the industrialised cities and towns, which suffered an unexpected demographic growth. Britain was the first industrialised nation, the so-called ‘industrial shop of the world’ and had a reputation to keep.
patients, visitors). The Management of Health and Safety at work regulations 1999 This is the approved code of practice providing guidance to employers on the regulatory specifics to enable them to write and communicate policy in order to comply with the Health and Safety at work act. Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 1995 (RIDDOR) These regulations are set out by the HSE and require that employers must report all incidences of death, major injury, work related injury resulting in more than 7 days off work, work related diseases and dangerous occurrences in order for them to be fully investigated and risk assessed. It is vital that these incidences are accurately recorded should they arise. National Institute of Clinical Excellence (NICE) These guidelines apply to all healthcare workers, local authorities, charities and all other health and social care providers.
WW2 revealed the need for a full-scale state health service. So in 1944 the Coalition Government under Churchill produced a plan for a National Health Service, universal and free for everyone at the point of delivery and paid for by National Insurance contributions. With Labour coming into power soon afterwards under Atlee, they took over the plans for the NHS before the National
Consumers are those who obtain much benefit with the improvement of food and drug. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is an agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services. It is responsible for protecting and promoting public health through the regulation and supervision guidelines, from the safety of food and pharmaceutical products to cosmetics and electromagnetic radiation emitting devices. The FDA currently has regulatory oversight toward a large number of products that affect the health of the general consumers. Changes should be made to the Food and Drug Administration regulatory process, especially on the excessive use of antibiotics in livestock.