Florence Nightingale Fighting Cholera in Haiti What is the goal of nursing? Well, according to Florence Nightingale, one of the most revolutionary theorists in nursing history, it is “to put the patient in the best condition for nature to act upon him” (Nightingale, 1860). There are many new and advance technological procedures available in homes and health care environments to help treat patients, and for them to recover quickly. However, sometimes it is the simple health practices that are able to keep individuals at their best possible state. Florence Nightingale develops an understanding that the environment directly affects a patient’s wellbeing over 100 years ago; her observations are still relevant in today’s healthcare environments.
degree in 1869 from the University of Virginia and spending several years working in the field of public health in New York City, Reed joined the Army Medical Department (1875). In 1898, he headed a board that identified typhoid fever as the cause of much sickness and death at the camps where troops gathered to train for the Spanish‐American War. By establishing human waste as the source of contamination, the board made possible effective public health measures to prevent future epidemics. When, in 1900, another board headed by Reed proved that yellow fever, much dreaded by soldiers sent to Cuba, was carried by a mosquito and identified the specific mosquito, successful efforts to reduce this threat to public health also became possible. Reed's accomplishments resulted not only from his personal skills as a research scientist but from the disciplined world in which he worked: medical officers were often better able than their civilian counterparts to conduct the studies necessary to identify both major diseases that threatened public health and the means by which they spread in civilian and military communities alike.
In the hospital ward scenario where there was a patient suffering from dementia, my first recommendation was that cleaners should be trained regularly on how to clean dirty cups properly and should be ensured the consequences for the patients if this was not done properly. I recommended this because if cleaners are trained regularly and reminded on how to clean cutlery properly, and were ensured that this should be done as regular as possible. This recommendation could be referred to the Health and Safety at Work Act (1974) because this act includes safe training for the employees, in this case the cleaners. It includes high standards of hygiene which fits into this recommendation because the training involves ensuring how to clean dirty cups properly. (www.legislations.gov.uk, Accessed 04/10/13).
Florence Nightingale was the founder of modern nursing; she revolutionised and influenced the maintenance of hospitals after she witnessed the potentially grotesque state of them after the war. She ensured that hospitals were kept spotlessly clean and provided the most hygienically benefiting conditions, for example lots of windows to let in light, and implemented certain rules such as a having one patient per bed. These implementations were conducted in order to improve hygiene and prevent the spread of bacteria. This was able to contribute to the shaping of British society as it improved the provided health care at the time, and therefore resulting in healthier and happier inhabitants. The first source in which to justify this given statement is of primary nature and dates back to 1860 when it was first published.
Do you agree with the view that the Second Boer War advanced the cause of social reform in Britain? Explain your answer, using sources 4, 5 and 6 and your own knowledge. I agree to an extent that the Second Boer War advanced the cause of social reforms, as it is clear that the reforms made such as the Old Age Pensions Act 1908, which showed advances in respect for the elderly, and Child Welfare Legislation which led to food being provided at school for children, penalties for parental neglect and regular medical inspections- all which led to a reduced death rate. The idea of The Boer War causing reform in Britain is supported by the sources, as Source 5 makes it clear that the war brought to light the physical deterioration of the working classes- agreeing with Source 4 that the war ‘did reinforce concern’ toward the ‘condition of the mass of the population’- whereas before this area of concern had been somewhat neglected. This is supported also by Source 6, which specifies that it was in the ‘recruitment for the Second Boer War’ that made it clear reforms needed to be done in order to solve the gradual rise of poverty in Britain.
This aspect alone helped the problem get to the noses of people who had power, so they themselves could make a change. This is a main reason into why governments took increasing action to tackle public health, purely because the smell of London had reached them. Scientific developments greatly assisted the government to take increasing action to tackle public health, for example Pasteur’s germ theory which proved that there was a link between dirt and disease. Therefore the government took increasing interest, this was helped by the big stink due to it’s severity of dirt. However they did not take immediate action but it still did help add to the list of reasons to why the government needed to take action fast.
REPORT ON THE HEALTH OF THE PEOPLE LIVING IN MANCHESTER IN 1830 The Manchester Medical Foundation has committed itself to providing valuable information to improve the quality of life for our community through public education. The purpose of this doctor’s report is to provide precisely that kind of information. I am Doctor Pattinson. I have been asked to report on the health of the people in Manchester. After weeks of tests and studying day to day lives of working class people in Manchester I made shocking discoveries and have found that many people live in horrendous living conditions, which create terrible health problems and disease.
This will also improve patient outcome drastically. The healthcare is a holistic entity which involves both the treatment of acute consequences of poor health the prevention of poor health from occurring (Martone 1992). The more successful the HCO is in preventing disease, the more successful they will be in improving patient health (Carlyon 1984). This goes a long way to prove that disease prevention fits nicely into the mission statement of the HCO which says that healthcare organizations do their best to promote healthy living. Ethically, it is the duty of the HCO’s under the umbrella of the CDC, to design/develop strategies to prevent diseases.
Explain why Liberal Reforms were successful in appealing to the working class? From the emergence of new Liberalism after Gladstone, the concern for a healthier workforce and the strive to get more votes from the working class, the Liberals had to pass certain reforms that appealed to people like children, workers, sick and elderly. These reforms were overall very successful, as they were start of collectivism in our society and an end to the laissez faire attitude that the government once had. Liberals were very successful in achieving a significant degree of social change in Britain and paved the way for the establishment of a welfare state. The competition with other countries like America and Germany influenced our politicians to look deeper into the society and solve the social and economic issues that weakened our nation.
Edwin Chadwick was very important in improving public health in towns in the nineteenth century. To begin with, he wrote the Report on the Sanitary Conditions of the Labouring Population in 1842 which gave details of the public health problems of the time, and showed how dirty conditions led to the rich paying higher taxes, because the poor were too sick to work. He made recommendations about how public health could be improved, that were later included in the first Public health Act which was passed in 1848. This Act created a Board of Health, of which Chadwick was a member, to encourage local authorities to improve conditions. Therefore, his work was extremely important because it led to the first Public health Act.