Illnesses caused by viruses: Chickenpox, Common Cold, Hepatitis, Herpes, HIV, Influenza, Measles, Mumps, Noravirus, etc. Illnesses caused by fungi: Athlete’s Foot, Ringworm, Thrush ( Candida ), etc. Illnesses caused by parasites: Fleas, Lice, Scabies, Worms, Amoebic Dysentery, Malaria, etc. 3. Describe what is meant by “infection” and “colonisation” Infection is the invasion of the host organism’s bodily tissues by disease-causing organisms, they multiplication and the reaction of the body to these organisms and toxins they produce.
Viruses: Viruses are microscopically small and are the simplest microbiological entity. A virus is not an independent living organism and needs a host cell to replicate. They are sub-microscopic parasitic particles of nucleic acid (RNA or DNA) that are wrapped in protein. Viruses are immune to antibiotics and are spread in the air or by direct contact. They can lead to serious or sometimes deadly diseases, such as AIDS.
They live on or in their host for an extended period of time. Fungi comes in many different forms, some of which we eat (such a yeast and mushrooms). Other forms include moulds. Some forms of fungi can cause serious harm to humans. 2.2 Identify Common Illnesses and Infections Caused by Bacteria, Viruses, Fungi and Parasites * Bacteria – Salmonella, E-coli, tetanus, typhoid fever, cholera * Virus – Aids, common cold, cold sores, influenza * Fungi – Athletes Foot, candidoses, ringworm * Parasites – Ticks, fleas, lungworm 2.3 Describe what is Meant by ‘Infection’ and ‘Colonisation’ Infection is the invasion of a living host’s bodily tissue by disease causing organisms that multiply in the body and cause illness.
1.2 Identify common illnesses and infections caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites Bacteria Lyme disease, Tuberculosis, tetanus, MRSA, whooping cough Viruses Polio, Norovirus, common cold, flu, chicken pox Fungi Ringworm, athletes foot, oral thrush Parasites Worms, ticks, lice, mites 1.3 Describe what is meant by 'infection' and 'colonisation' Infection Infection is the invasion on bodily tissues by disease causing microorganisms Colonisation Colonisation is when an invasion of disease or bacteria populate a specific area of the body which can cause the body's immune system to break down. 1.4 Explain what is meant by 'systemic infection' and 'localised infection' Systemic infection This is where infection spreads throughout the whole body or affects several organs or tissues. Conditions like type 2 diabetes or AIDS are examples of this. Localised infection This is confined to one organ system or area in the body e.g. abscess or boil.
1.2 identify common illnesses and infections caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasities bacteria • food poisoning • bronchitis • ear infections • throat infections e.g. tonsillitis • chlamydia • impetigo • mrsa • tb viruses • influenza • cold • hiv/aids • stomach flu • pneumonia • warts • chicken pox fungi • athletes foot • ringworm • yeast
Unit 4222-265 Causes and spread of infection (ICO2) Assessment Criteria 1.1 - Identify the differences between bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites Bacteria: Bacteria is a living, but neither animal nor plant, it is a one cell organism without a nucleus. There are millions of species of bacteria. It is able to reproduce, and can quickly spread to millions of cells. When this happens it will continue to reproduce until its foods runs out, another species is introduced or competitor, or when a change happens in the climate to affect the balance of nature. E.g.
What is Clostridium botulism? Botulism is a rare but serious paralytic illness caused by a nerve toxin that is produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum and sometimes by strains of Clostridium butyricum and Clostridium baratii. There are five main kinds of botulism. Eating foods that contain the botulinum toxin causes Foodborne botulism. Wound botulism is caused by toxin produced from a wound infected with Clostridium botulinum.
1.2 Identify common illnesses and infections caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites Bacteria commonly causes strep throat, urinary tract infections, tuberculosis, etc. Viruses commonly cause anything from the common cold to AIDS, including; chicken pox, flu, herpes, mumps, measles, rubella, shingles, etc. Fungus commonly cause athlete's foot, yeast infections, etc. Parasites such as tape worms and ringworms can cause; trichomoniasis, giardiasis, cryptosporidiosis, toxoplasmosis. 1.3 Describe what is meant by “infection” and “colonisation” Infection is the invasion and multiplication of microorganisms that are not normally present in the body, they come in the forms of bacteria, viruses, parasites, etc.
It’s a single celled yeast or a larger multi-cellarer mould, It can cause disease in immune suppresses people. Example of this is ring worms/back itch Parasites- 1.2 Bacteria- Salmonellioses, MRSA, food poisoning, bronchitis, ear infection, strep throat, tonsillitis, pneumonia. Gonorrhoea and clymedia Virus- Influenza, common cold, stomach fly, pneumonia, ear infection, hiv/aids, herpes and warts Fungi- Valley fever, athlete’s foot and yeast infection Parasites- worms, schistosomiasis, malaria and sickness 1.3 Infection- the process of infecting or being infected, invasion by and Multiplication of pathogenic microorganism in body part/tissues, can cause tissue injury and progress to disease through variety of cellular/ toxic mechanism Colonization- act or process of etsash a colony/colonies spread of a species to a new habitat 1.4 Systemic infection- affects number of organs and tissues, it can effect the whole body Localised infection- restricted infection and limited to a specific body/region 1.5 Inadequate hand washing, not wearing PPE, not being cautious wear food is involved, poor environmental hygiene and using equipment without sterilising 2.1 The conditions needs for growth of microorganisms is warmth, moisture and
Causes and spread of infection (ICO2) Q Identify the differences between bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites. (ICO2 1.1) Bacteria: Bacteria are living things that are neither plants nor animals, but belong to a group all by themselves. They are very small--individually not more than one single cell--however there are normally millions of them together, for they can multiply really fast.Bacteria are prokaryotes (single cells that do not contain a nucleus). Every species has a great ability to produce offspring and its population expands until it runs out of food or it is limited by competition, its own waste products, or some other factor. Changes in climate or introduction of a new species from elsewhere can greatly affect the balance of nature.