1.1 Identify the differences between bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites. Bacteria: A bacteria is a single celled organism, they are either a parasite or live independently. Bacteria have three basic shapes. Antibiotics can usually kill them; A few examples of bacteria could be meningitis, Ear infections, and conjunctivitis. Fungi :A Fungus is a spore producing organism and can live as a single celled yeast or as a larger multi-cellular mould.
Causes and spread of infections 1 Understanding the cause of infection Bacteria can be both beneficial and pathogenic. These single cell micro-organisms are tiny living beings, neither plant or animal, that normally exist together in millions and reproduce only asexually. Some of their common illnesses and infections include ear infections, food poisoning, urinary tract infections, diphtheria, bacterial meningitis, gastritis and sinusitis. Viruses differ from bacteria, being coated genetic material and in that they do not reproduce on food, needing a living host to do so. They replicate by invading targeted cells of their host and taking over genetic material responsible for reproduction.
Understanding the causes and spread of infection The differences are that bacteria are an organism which produces toxins which grow and then divide. Virus - are smaller than a cell. It can't reproduce outside the cell unlike bacteria, so they invade the cells and inject the genes into the nucleus and creates copies of itself Fungi - causes disease by absorbing nutrients, and producing toxins Bacteria, fungi and viruses are all separate entities and are completely different from each other. Parasites, however, can refer to a number of different things including bacteria, fungi and viruses. A parasite is any organism which lives inside a different organism in a symbiotic relationship in which only the parasite benefits from the symbiosis.
1.1 identify the differences between bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites Bacteria are living things which are neither plants or animals, but belong to a group by themselves. They are small, not more than one cell, but there are normally millions of them together. Virus is a small infectious agent that can replicate only inside the living cells of organisms. All viruses have genes made either from DNA or RNA, long molecules that carry genetic information. Fungi are Eukaryotes when compared to bacteria and fungi.
Infectious diseases pose a threat to humans all over the world, and create serious if not fatal consequences for many individuals. A common method for the transmission of infectious diseases is arthropod vectors. The arthropods carry the pathogen from one host to another. Arthropods may affect human health either directly by bites, stings, or infestation of tissues, or indirectly through disease transmission (Martin, et al., 2012). The most significant mode of vector-borne disease transmission is by biological transmission by blood-feeding arthropods.
There are many ways bacteria can enter the body. Expired, contaminated or non pasteurised food items could be one way. Cuts, sores and open passages such as eyes, ears, genitals etc are also ways in which bacteria can enter the body. Some of the illness and infections attributed to bacteria include e.coli, streptococcus (strep throat, impetigo, cellulites), staphylococcal (skin infection, pneumonia, food and blood poisoning), cholera, mrsa, typhoid, uti’s, dysentery and tuberculosis. Bacterial infections are commonly treated with antibiotics.
Outcome 1 Understand the cause of infection 1.Identify the difference between bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites. Bacteria Bacteria is a single celled organism, bacteria have evolved to thrive in almost any environment and can be found in almost any substance/surface and also in the human body, only 1% of bacteria is actually harmful. It's bad or infectious bacteria that cause illness as they rapidly reproduce and produce a toxin that kills or mutates cells, bacteria is also self sufficient. Viruses A virus is a small capsule that contains DNA or RNA, viruses, unlike bacteria are not self sufficient and need a host in order to reproduce I.E a human body. When a virus enters the body, it enters some certain cells and takes over making the now host cell make the parts the virus needs to reproduce, the cells are eventually destroyed through this process.
Norovirus is transmitted faecal oral route and are passed from person to person contact, entering the body in food or water. Fungi is any member of a large group of organisms that includes micro organisms such as yeasts and molds and mushrooms. These organisms are classed as a kingdom. Fungi which is separated from plants, animals and bacteria. One major difference is that fungal cells have cell walls that contain chitin, unlike the cell walls of plants which contain cellulose and unlike the cell walls of bacteria.
Bacteria is a single-celled microorganisms that cause diseases. Examples of bacteria are salmonella, campylobacteriosis, clostridium, and tularemia. Feline viral respiratory disease is a severe contagious illnesses of cats that spread fast in a multicat home. The fungi family comprises of mushrooms living in soil and biological material, most types of fungi are spread by airborne spores. “Rickettsia is a disease-causing parasites that are carried by fleas, ticks, and lice.
Virus:-These are smaller than bacteria and need to be in a living host to cell reproduce, the principal way of control is immunisation, antibiotics are not affective against viral infections. The virus infection can cause things like the common cold, respiratory infections, blood born viruses. Fungus:- This is a low form of vegetable life that can cause disease such as thrush or athletes foot. Parasites:- This can also be called infestation which is the presence of a large number of parasites on a host, the parasites rely on the host for survival,, parasites are things like scabies, head lice and worms, they can be combated by washing bedding on a high temperature and a good cleaning routine. Infection:- This is an invasion by and multiplication of pathogenic, micro-organisms in a bodily part or tissue which could cause harm.