It also legitimates class inequality by producing ideologies that disguise its true motive. Bowles and Gintis argued that capitalism requires a workforce with the kind of attitudes, behaviour and personality-type suited to their role as alienated and exploited workers willing to accept hard work, low pay and orders. They argue there is a close relationship between the classroom and the work force this is often referred to as the correspondence principle in which it almost mirrors work format. It is argued that it operates through the hidden
This paper offers a systematic examination of the diverse possible relationships between monopoly power and class structure. The conceptual differentiation of power from class is central to the logic of our argument (Resnick and Wolff 1987, especially chapter 3).i Power, for us, is a process of wielding authority over or directing the behavior of individuals. These behaviors may be economic, cultural, political, and so on. Class is a different process; it entails producing, appropriating, and distributing surplus labor. There are different kinds of class processes - communist, capitalist, feudal, and so on - which vary according to who produces, appropriates, and distributes the social surplus and how that process is organized.
In terms of crime and deviance describe some of the ideological differences between Marxist and functionalist perspectives The Marxists and the functionalists examine culture and societies but have a very different approach in the way that they view crime and deviance. Marxist ideas originally came from a man named Karl Marx, his views were that we live in a capitalist society with two basic classes one being proletariat and the other bourgeoisie. The proletariat is the lower social class or working class while the bourgeoisie is seen as being the ruling or upper class. Functionalism is a perspective first created my Emile Durkheim, he believed that society is a complex system made up of parts that work together to create a stable society so for example education, government, policing and family. This essay will examine some of the differences between marxist and functionalist perspectives when it comes to crime and deviance.
Another way Marxists believe the family serves Capitalism is the socialisation of children into the ruling class ideology. They see the family as an institution serving and maintaining the position of the ruling class. Marxists point out that families socialise children into the idea that hierarchy and inequality are inevitable. An example of this is when the parents over power children forcing the idea that there is always someone better or above them who they will have to obey. This then leads them to the working life where they will work under Capitalists and accept orders from employers above them benefiting the Capitalists.
Pluralism and Dominance/Marxism While pluralism and dominance or otherwise known as Marxism, are said to have developed from liberalism and socialism respectively. A great part of their theories are notably different, if not completely in contrast with each. In order to understand these views of state, it is important to first understand the fundamental views of pluralism and dominance/ Marxism. The Dominance theory is better explained as the Marxist theory developed by Karl Marx and is outlined most clearly in The Communist Manifesto (Steiner 2009). The theory states that social divisions along class lines lead to a ‘ruling class’ controlling the ‘means of production’.
Competition between various businesses ensures a variety of goods and services to consumers, in a range of prices. In Socialist system however, the means of production are owned by the Government. The main goal of this system is to ensure that the services and goods are available to everyone, and the Government decides what to produced, and at what cost. Communism is an example of the Socialist system. Believers and people who practice both socialism and capitalism have heavy criticism of each other.
Karl Marx was the main thinker behind Marxism and he believed that society was spilt up between two groups the bourgeoisie who are the rich and the powerful who control society and the polartariant who are the poor and working class. There is a conflict between them two groups thus causing Marxism to be a conflict theory.
According to Marx, a class will then take action against those that are exploiting the lower classes. Marx largely focuses on one single factor--a capitalist society as the source of social stratification, which ultimately results in class conflict. He states that capitalism creates a division between classes which can largely be seen in manufacturing factories. The working class or, the proletariat is separated by from the bourgeoisie because production becomes a social enterprise. Contributing to their separation is the technology present in industrial factories.
He frames this separation of the classes as a struggle and a constantly losing battle for one group or the other (mostly for the poor). He explicitly states, “society as a whole is more and more splitting in to two great hostile camps, [….] Bourgeoisie and Proletariat” (Marx 338). Right away, Marx hopes to use this to build an argument that the current relations between the two classes is an illusion and that the proletariat are playing the zero-sum game, with the Bourgeoisie, that is capitalism. In direct contrasts to this, Carnegie believes that, in the capitalist system, the relations between the two classes is more symbiotic in nature.
Economics is a central force in social change. He believed that the engine of human history is class conflict: wealthy and poor: they are enemies. People will work according to their abilities and receive their goods according to their needs. His theory was one the roots for revolution in 1918 in Russia. They were trying to reach socialism.