The author’s main theory is that the economy is headed for a recession. The text book defines fiscal policy as: Changes in government spending and tax collections designed to achieve a full-employment and non inflationary domestic output. Government spending is understated and slightly overlooked in the article. The author only hints of the fact that federal government spending on defense is down. “Another negative factor was a 6.6 percent drop, on an annualized basis, in federal defense spending.” She supports that the decrease in GDP is directly related to the decrease in government spending g which proves how fiscal policy can affect overall economic growth.
Current macroeconomic issues 2.1 Steady growth GDP can be seen as “the total annual output of goods and services on which aggregate demand is spent” (Sloman, 2008, p.277); it can be calculated as the sum of consumer spending, investments, government spending and balance of import and export. 2.1.1 Current issue UK has a fluctuant GDP since 2009. There is both positive and negative growth in the recent years (Trading Economics, 2013). GDP of UK shrank by 0.3% at the end of 2012, which is mainly attributed to drop in mining and quarrying industry, after maintenance delays at North Sea oil field. Manufacturing is another sector that causes the negative growth in GDP; it has decreased by 1.5% than the year before.
To increase their taxes would be appropriate and this would be stream lining taxes at a time when the economy needs a boost. The Keynesian economists would look at government spending as a means for the government to stop the little growth the economy has had and is to have. The government spending would make it so the people would not have the money to spend within the states and they would have to go without needs and desires. This in turn would be the money that could be used within the economy.
Stockman finds these banks “too big to exist.” Ryan believes the taxpayer’s money deposit should be handled by the states not the federal. Stockman disagrees, he finds it to difficult to manage internally and externally; he believes the bank should broken up by a higher authority. He thinks it would be better if Ryan looked back to the times of restoration of “Glass-Steagall, Depression-era legislation that that separated commercial and investment banking.” Stockman brings up the ideal way to reduce or eliminate Social insurance benefits. He strongly believes the government should make changes on the income based eligibility test to reduce or eliminate the need to give Social insurance to millions of people. This would avoid tax increase issue.
ECO 252 The Federal Government Budget Deficit and the American Economy How elected officials deal with the budget deficit will have a definite impact on our economy. There are many questions to be answered, and the possible outcomes are linked to the infinite number of possible answers. The following essay will explore some basic economic concepts including, opportunity cost, good economics versus good politics, the Laffer curve, capitalism versus socialism, and the “invisible hand”. Many Americans look at the budget deficit in the simplest of terms. More expensive government programs will require more taxes to fund them.
This action then helps to create business opportunities, employments, and demands thus resulting in reversion of the initial imbalance (www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keynesian_economics). However, the investment of the government causes a deficit. Government funding source is through borrowing from the economy (i.e. government bonds) and it’s spending exceeds the amount of tax income received (www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keynesian_economics). Friedrich Hayek Hayek recognized connections between three theories thus influencing his perspective of the economy.
It hurts and slows down economic growth. More investments lead to lower prices, more jobs, and overall higher standards of living. The second problem is that with a high national debt, the government has to pay interest to the bondholders. Servicing the debt has been known due to the fact that the government pays interest on
Deficit, surplus and debt have an effect on future Social Security and Medicare users. “In the long-run framework, surpluses are good because they provide additional saving for an economy and deficits are bad because they reduce saving, growth, and income. In the short-run framework, the view of deficits and surpluses depends on the state of the economy relative to its potential” (Colander, 2010, p. 247). As time passes, our national government has deployed, exceeded and goes unchecked, neglecting its core functions, operating far beyond their means and overwhelmingly beyond its constitutional limits. If nothing is done about it, the direction in which we are heading now will completely destroy the economy.
Explain how an increase in federal budget deficit due to recession can stabilize the economy. A deficit means that the government spends more than it receives in tax revenues in a given year (O’Sullivan, Sheffrin, & Perez 2010, p. 374). The total deficit is spending, plus all the interest payments on top of the original debt, minus the total tax revenue (http://www.blurtit.com). There are three factors, known as automatic stabilizers, that affect and stabilize the economy, they are: 1) government purchases of goods and services, such as public safety, government transfer of payments, and unemployment insurance, 2) Medicaid or Medicare etc.,and 3) the collection of taxes. If the government cut taxes or increases transfer payments such as unemployment insurance and food stamps this helps to offset the decrease in household income.
Therefore, the equilibrium rate of growth is given by matching proportionate change in output with the ratio of savings-output to that of capital-output. This sustains the economy along some warranted steady growth path. According to the model, temporary deviations from the warranted growth path would not be self-correcting. Because of the lack of self-correcting forces within the dynamics of the model, it is said to be characterized by ‘knife-edge instability’. That is, market-regulated growth espoused by the model is unstable and, thus, necessitates government intervention.