This is due to the fact that limited to no vertical erosion can take place. Discharge is the volume of flow of water per unit of time. In general, discharge increases as the river goes downstream, as water from tributaries, surface runoff, through flow, base flow and precipitation are being added. As a result erosion comes at a faster rate which widens the channel and deepens the bed load. The process of erosion that would be occurring would be hydraulic action, attrition and corrosion.
When looking at the three most abundant species found in both locations, there are significantly fewer Polychaete Larvae and Unidentified Copepod found at Fort Wetherill. Acartia was higher in abundance at Fort Wetherill, but remained dominant in both locations. Fort Wetherill is at the mouth of the estuary and is a nutrient exporter. It should have been expected that there would be less species surviving. Estuaries transport dissolved nutrients to coastal zones leading to a high productivity in primary and secondary production.
This isolation may be due to human practices or natural occurrences which drive aggradation or in‐stream incision. When high flows occur under these physical conditions, the stream or river has a restricted area to flow and higher flow velocities and energies are produced. Ideally, during high flows the river system would be able to over top its banks and spread over a large flat area surrounding the river, the floodplain (Figure 1). Floodplain reconnection reestablishes the connection between the stream system and its floodplain. This is accomplished through lowering or setting back natural or constructed levees currently blocking the flow of water out of the main channel.
Describe how, and explain why, channel characteristics change downstream. (15 marks) Channel characteristics are changed when the river flows downstream by many factors such as cross-profile of a river, wetted perimeter, erosion, hydraulic radius, roughness and efficiency. Channel characteristics change as the river flows from upstream to downstream. In the upper course the river tends to be more narrower, steep and uneven due to the deposition of large boulders it also has a larger wetted perimeter. The bank of the river channel becomes worn away as a result of vertical erosion, due to the processes of hydraulic action which is the forces of flowing water against the river bed and banks caused by the volume of flowing water compared to kinetic energy and attrition which is the material being carried in the river colliding which then breaks the loads down into smaller pieces.
Firstly, ships can carry large cargo, which means that John Lewis and Waitrose can receive their stocks in bulk rather than have multiple small deliveries which cost more. Secondly, it is an easier method of having products delivered as only ships and trucks would be involved in the delivery process. Products would be delivered to the shipping docks via trucks and then loaded thereafter. When the ship arrives at its destination, another truck would be used to thereafter to have the products delivered to the desired destination. There are also disadvantages to using water as a transport method.
4.) You should know the outage needed for the liquids you carry because _____-Some liquids expand more than others when they get warm. 5.) Baffles in liquid cargo tanks do not usually prevent the movement of surge from _____-Side to side 6.) How would you expect a truck with a cargo tank that has baffles to handle on the road?-There will be less front to back surge than there is in a tanker without baffles.
Another physical factor is whether the country has space which stores extra water such as aquifer, as this can be something for a country to use if the main water supply does potentially run out. For example Mexico has a low amount of water stress due to having a large aquifer underground, where as Saudi Arabia has a high water stress level because it has no alternative water supply. Climate change is large physical factor which contributes to the pattern of water stress as it can cause climates to become extreme. For example, in Indonesia climate change has increased the amount of
Flat land over the levels meant water couldn’t be quickly taken away, meaning the depth of the flood increased largely. During high tides, sea water makes its way upstream meaning discharge in the rivers at this time is already high, without the excess rainfall. When storms hit during high tides, the river quickly reaches its capacity and floods excessively. When the
This meant that when the earthquake struck they were able to cope and survive. Also, by the fact that Chile had better communications and services. This particular country has a good capacity to cope because it is not a LEDC and is in a very good economical state, it can pay for the preparations, in the short and long term they are important preparations that help save lives. Another reason as to why the strongest earthquakes are not always the most costly is because of the location of where the earthquake hits. So, if a strong earthquake hit somewhere that is densely populated then the social cost will be much higher than if it hit in a place where hardly anyone lived as there are less people.
Maritime trade, Indian Ocean trade was an easier, cheaper and best way to trade because a lot more different goods can be traded. Trade was not limited to only luxurious items as the trade on the Silk