Factors affecting development There are a range of factors which can affect a child’s development which begins from the moment of conception, and which will influence how the child develops and at what rate. Development is measured by parameters which have been carefully researched and measured and to which many professionals such as doctors, teachers, social workers and so on are able to refer to when assessing a child’s development. These milestones in development enable professionals but also parents to see where a child is in their rate of development and if they are following the sequence of development that is expected of them by a certain age. An example would be that most children will start to walk between 10 to 17 months, if after this time a baby is still not walking then there may be professional intervention that can resolve the problem which is important to solve at a younger age in order to prevent any problems later on in life. There are many things that can influence a child’s development which can be divided into personal and external factors.
Joyce Chandler February 22, 2013 Influences on Childhood Development Instructor Plotts Psychology 304 Life-Span Development Introduction The birth of a child can bring forth excitement and new changes to the parents and others. As the child is introduce to this new world their bodies are also undergoing a change. Childhood development is a crucial phase in the development of the human being; especially during the period of development between birth and age of 8 in a child’s life (Santrock, 2011). This period is considered the precarious periods of time by which children should learn specific skills, if they are to learn them. This paper will discuss the important stages in the development as to how the child changes from physical, emotional, social, and cognitive perspective throughout this time period.
Identity can be seen superficially as a name or a date of birth of an individual, a sense of formally providing evidence of who you are. When you think about identity more broadly it becomes a more complicated question to answer. Identity therefore can be seen as a collection of life experiences which stem most significantly from our early life experiences as children. These can continue to influence what we do what values and beliefs we hold through our lives. When thinking of factors that influence an individual’s identity there can be many such as parents or carers the individuals race, nationality, cultural and religious beliefs make us who we are and what’s important to us.
Child growth and development focuses on biological and psychological as well as emotional changes throughout their childhood into adulthood. Developmental changes can be strongly influenced by prenatal issues and genetics. Although, the cultural background and the environment the child is engaged in also play a vital role in their development. The developmental changes may occur when the child begins to mature because of environmental aspects, but normally developmental changes are a reflection of cultural, environmental, and genetics. Evidence will show that a child’s growth and development has many aspects including physical, motor, perceptual, cognitive, social-emotional, and language development.
socialization sis the process where and individual learns the norms, values, customs and ideologies, providing them with skills and habits necessary for participating with their own society. socialization comes under two parts, primary and secondary socialization. primary socialization occurs during childhood, in the first few stages of an individuals life and is often taught through the family. secondary socialization is taught through different agents, such as media, peer groups, schools, and government. there are different theories that have different ideas on socialization.
Developmentally Appropriate Care of Children in Different Cultures Introduction How does a different culture take part in the care of children? Different backgrounds and experiences help shape the way a child’s mind develops. Depending on the types of activities children are encouraged or discouraged from engaging in and the values and beliefs of the particular cultural group will determine the child’s development. Each country, including those in remote areas, have their own ideas about what is the normal development of children and the standards from one culture to another depends on that country and may not be valued the same. “Culture is the framework that guides and bounds life practices” (Stoecklin, 1999) Cultural Understanding It has been proven that before age five, cultural understanding is established.
The mesosystem is two Microsystems interacting, such as the connection between a child’s home and school. The exosystem is an environment in which an individual is indirectly involved and is external to his experience, yet it affects him anyway i.e. a child’s parent’s workplace. The macrosystem is the large cultural context. By creating these systems, Bronfenbrenner was the leader in introducing researchers into examining the family, economy, and political structure as influencing the development of a child into adulthood.
Rogoff’s definition of culture is not a simple one. She begins by defining culture as the language and heritage taught to children in a community. She then goes on to explain that a community’s way of doing things and handling certain situations also contributes to the definition of culture. Rogoff repeatedly explains the importance of adaptation in culture, or how the culture of the youth in a certain community has evolved relative to how it was when the adults were growing up. Culture, like ways of doing things and certain customs and traditions, in a community is constantly changing, therefore understanding and change are a necessity in any nation.
Someone could be born with genes to give them a normal height, but be malnourished in childhood, resulting in stunted growth and a failure to develop as expected. Both of these topics develop a person as a whole, Nature and Nurture determine the development of a person, but heredity, location, and environment affects the upbringing. During the upbringing of a child, heredity plays a vital role in determining a person’s predispositions as well as developmental potential. Scientists for years have known that traits such as eye color, hair color, and even how tall a person will be is determined by specific genes encoded in each human’s cell. The nature theory goes further in describing in more detail that intelligence, aggression, and even personality are also in an individual’s DNA.
Evidently, individuals will experience milestones leading to adulthood; during this time, various influences will prepare him for his future duties and/or objectives during the rest of his lifespan (Berk, 2010). Physical, cognitive, and socio-emotional development An individual’s physical development improves throughout his childhood and adolescence. Berk (2010) asserts one's body is enabled to grow stronger and/or larger, and as sensory systems gather information, a person's coordination will improve (p. 432). Contextual factors, including a person's genetic makeup, lifestyle, and/or social environment will most likely determine aspects, including physical