This facilitated him to becoming the most superior individual and increased overall royal power by building up political influence in the latter years. In 1534 the act of supremacy was passed declaring Henry VIII Head of the English Church in both temporal and spiritual matters. This was the heart of the Henrician reformation as it signified the break with Rome and necessitated other changes, for example, changes in the role and function of parliament, extension of central government in localities, changes in religious practice, destruction of existing institutions and development of new ones. By 1536 royal supremacy in the Church and state was widely accepted showing an increase in royal power as outside powers, such as the Papacy, no longer had influence within England and was seen as the start to a Tudor revolution in government. Elton – Cromwell architect of tudor revolution in govt 1536 – dissolution of monasteries – transferred property to crown, improved royal finances & gained favour and support by selling off church lands to gentry and nobility.
Differences for the cities are the way they have succeeded economically. Some are rich in agriculture while others have established trading routes to attain food to sustain their populations. Another key difference between all the cities is their tolerance for religion, some countries are open to other faiths while some are closed and use violence to inflict their religion. 3) Inferences that future historians would make on these cities is that they are all highly populated, they are all port cities open for trade, they are all multicultural and they all are flourishing economically. Montreal, Toronto and Vancouver are thriving economically because they are all port cities which enable them to trade.
His roles were very important and had to be done very well, his roles were Kings Chief Minister and cardinal with a papal legate, making him very controlling but also giving him lots of responsibilities for the administration of places from finance to control of the church and also legal reforms. Wolsey’s success regarding his domestic policies must be thought though wisely because the policies and reforms he was able to do could also relate to Wolsey own personal aims and goals he wanted to achieve in power and also how successful he was in achieving these while maintaining his position as the king’s faithful subject. The number one of Wolsey domestic policies was the king’s finances/the economy because King Henry was a very athletic person and loved going to war and because of this Wolsey had to raise masses amount of money. In this area Wolsey had some successes especially one called the subsidy in reality this was Wolsey's greatest achievement because, he was the royal almoner he planned out and organized king Henry's war in France very well, he raised lots of money for the war by replacing the fixed tax of fifteenths and tenths which required those who earned very very small money to pay like the rich people did, this new tax was more fair for the rich people, by making a more efficient tax system this enabled Wolsey to raise a lot of money for the king, making over
The cathedrals built during the medieval era were related to many aspects of medieval life due to the fact that the construction of a single cathedral was such a large production, let alone the construction of dozens upon dozens in Europe’s towns and cities. In alignment with a political standpoint a cathedral was an important building to have in any major city because they were often used for “the most secular matters” to discuss city business and things of the sort. In doing this most of the cities with large cathedrals did not have to build a city hall therefore saving valuable
Religion was everywhere in both countries and they were both monotheistic with the belief in only one god, simular also was that they both built places of worship for them in this case Europe build churches while the Japanese built temples. Although around the same time these two great nations had their differences of a vast amount. Soldiers were the backbone of both of the countries but the Japanese soldiers were a lot more disciplined and respectful the malevolent European knights. Women were both a part of the different medieval periods but had their Fair share of differences too, for instance in Japan women could hold positions of power a feat not done with European women, and women could become Samurai were as European women
Historical context pertains to logos, which appeal to the reader’s common sense and beliefs. This tool is important because it brings the reader to feel confident that English has been, and will continue to be, spread across the world. The author states specific examples in history that have promoted language growth and links them to the same factors pertaining to English. Crystal makes his point that "A language has traditionally become an international language for one chief reason: the power of its people- especially their political and military power." (355).
Then he added new laws to make sure that everyone was protected by the laws. This set of laws was called the Justinian Code. It was so well written that it became the basis of laws for many countries throughout the world. Emperor Justininan's reign affected the world. Justinian had a passion for the arts and for religion.
Contact with the culture of the East provided a general refining influence. Effects of the Crusades - Intellectual Development The influence of the Crusades upon the intellectual development of Europe can hardly be overestimated. Above all, they liberalized the minds of the crusaders. The East at the time of the Middle Ages surpassed the West in civilization. The crusaders enjoyed the advantages which come from travel in strange lands and among unfamiliar peoples.
To what extent was the Great Reform Act of 1832 the most important development in politics and government in the period 1780 – 1832? The Great Reform Act was indeed an incredibly important factor in political development, bringing a conclusion to the unrest and despair plaguing the streets at the time. However, modern learning often scrutinises the Act as, whilst known as a benchmark in launching the rise of modern democracy in England during the period, it didn’t actually make much change at all in politics at the core, no matter how much it may have seemed to at the time, and that was really the problem. It was introduced as a method of keeping the public at bay and giving them some of the change that they wanted, or at least enough to make them think that dramatic change had been done, when in fact everything was much the same as it was. This raises the question of whether the Reform Act rightly inherits the title, ‘Great’ at all.
With the onset of the Second World War, the US stepped out as a world super power and the executive gained exclusive jurisdiction over foreign policy which in the 21st century now acts as a big role which the executive must be active in. Due to the fact the constitution doesn’t refer to foreign policy it has led to the president becoming very powerful in this role as the constitution bodes no constraint on it, meaning he can do ‘what he pleases’ as there is no check on the presidents over sight process. This exposes another flaw in the constitution written and devised in the 18th century, as once again it disregards some major governmental policies which have only recently come about. In addition, when the US constitution was written there were only 3 sectors in office ‘war, office and treasury’ this has now changed dramatically and the executive now has many sections – once again the constitution has not taken these into account and therefore doesn’t work on a ‘government’